Nationalist Movements in Africa and The Middle East JOIN ME ON PAGE 726 EQ: What factors caused nationalist movements in Africa and the Middle East?

What factors caused nationalist movements in Africa and the Middle East? Africans began to resist imperialism in many ways including forming unions and squatting on white owned plantations 1: Protests over imperialism erupted all over Africa, ie. the “Women’s War” in Nigeria 2: In South Africa, nationalism took the form of a political party, the ANC (African National Congress) 3: W.E.B. DuBois and Marcus Garvey led the Pan- African movement emphasizing African heritage and nourishing the nationalist spirit 4: The negritude movement emphasized African Pride 5: In 1922, Egypt became the first African country to secure its independence from a colonial ruler (though a British presence still remained)

What factors caused nationalist movements in Africa and the Middle East? In The Middle East Turkish nationalists, led by Ataturk, declared Turkey a republic (former Ottoman Empire) 6: Ataturk replaced the Sharia with western laws, a constitution and western industry was developed 7: In Iran, inspired by Turkey, Reza Khan overthrew the shah and set up his own dynasty 8: Reza Khan modernized Iranian industry, adopted western policies and forced western imperialists to give Iran greater profits from the oil 9: Angered by the results of WWI, a Pan-Arab movement formed to remove foreign imperial control 10: Further conflict arose as Zionists (Jews) demanded a state in Israel to which the Arabs were opposed

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