Secondary Payload Adapters and Interfaces Rideshare Conference Technical Committee Report June 10, 2014 At the Small Payloads Rideshare Conference 2013 in Los Angeles, the Secondary Adapters Committee met and agreed to document rideshare accommodations for small satellites. This set of slides is the current status of this document and also lists other topics of interest for this Committee.

Topics for Secondary Adapters Committee US Rideshare Options in 2014 Smallsat-to-Launch Vehicle Interfaces Smallsat Adapters and Dispensers CubeSat Interfaces Smallsat Adapters Four-Point Mount Interfaces Topics for Future Consideration Hosted Payloads Rideshare Wiki Page (Under Construction) http://smallsatrideshare.wikispaces.com/ International Boosters/Rideshare Interfaces NOTE: Some of the documented hardware does not yet have flight heritage. The information provided here is a guide; please consult with the vendor. Document standard interfaces and available rideshare adapters with allowable payload masses and volumes Rideshare Conference 2014

Topics for Secondary Adapters Committee National Defense Authorization Act, 2014 “The DoD Executive Agent for Space shall conduct a study on responsive, low-cost launch efforts. Such study shall include … an assessment of the viability of greater utilization of innovative methods, including the use of secondary payload adapters on existing launch vehicles. … Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the DoD Executive Agent for Space shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report containing (1) the results of the study … and (2) a consolidated plan for development within the DoD of an operationally responsive, low-cost launch capability.” Rideshare Conference 2014

US Rideshare Options 2014 Rideshare opportunities by third-party brokers/integrators Adaptive Launch Solutions (ALS) NanoRacks LLC Spaceflight Inc. TriSept Corporation Tyvak Nanosat Systems Large US vehicles w/ secondary capabilities Antares (including Cygnus) [Orbital] Atlas V [United Launch Alliance (ULA)/Lockheed Martin Commercial Launch Services] Delta IV [ULA/Boeing Launch Services] Falcon 9 (including Dragon and Surfboard) [SpaceX] Falcon Heavy (2015) [SpaceX] SLS (11 6U CubeSats slated for EM-1 2017) [NASA] Rideshare Conference 2014

US Rideshare Options 2014 US small launchers US space planes ALASA [DARPA/Boeing] Athena II [Lockheed Martin] GO Launcher 1, 2 [Generation Orbit] LauncherOne [Virgin Galactic] Minotaur I, IV, V, VI, C [Orbital] Neptune [Interorbital] Pegasus [Orbital] SuperStrypi [Sandia National Labs] US space planes DreamChaser [Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC)] Lynx [XCOR] Rocketplane [Kistler] Spaceship Two [Virgin Galactic] Rideshare Conference 2014

Rideshares on Various LVs Payload Mass and Volume Constraints (source Example ABC only on Atlas V ESPA on Atlas V, Delta IV, Falcon 9, Antares Small launcher volumes show single payload mass/vol Rideshare Conference 2014

Some Current Standard Interfaces Φ62.01” (1575 mm), 120 x ¼” fasteners Atlas V, Delta IV, Falcon 9, Antares, Minotaur IV, V, VI Φ38.81” (986 mm), 60 x ¼” or #10 fasteners Minotaur I, Athena, Taurus, Pegasus Φ24” (610 mm), 36 x ¼” or 5/16” fasteners ESPA Grande, CubeStack Φ15” (381 mm), 24 x ¼” fasteners ESPA, Atlas V Aft Bulkhead Carrier, Athena Rideshare Adapter Φ8” (203 mm), 12 x ¼” fasteners Small Launch ESPA, Athena Rideshare Adapter Most adapters can be flexible with customer interfaces ALS Aquila/A-Deck CubeStack, ESPA, Moog CSA Flat Plates DesignNet Rideshare Adapter (RSA) SNC Nanosatellite Dispenser/Adapter S/C mounted w/ resettable HDRM-4K sep nuts, kinematic mount

ESPA Interface, Separation Rings Planetary Systems Corp Lightbands MkII MLB24.000-36: Φ24” 36 x ¼” fasteners MkII MLB15.000-24: Φ15” 24 x ¼” fasteners RUAG Clampband PAS 610S: Φ24” Sierra Nevada Clampbands Qwksep 24: Φ24” 36 x ¼” or 5/16” fasteners Tapped or 0.332” clearance holes Qwksep 15: Φ15” 24 x ¼” or 5/16” fasteners 0.266” clearance holes Rideshare Conference 2014

Lightband Interfaces Φ38.810” 60 x ¼” fasteners Φ31.600” 48 x ¼” Rideshare Conference 2014

CubeSat Dispensers Cal Poly P-POD (Poly Picosat Orbital Deployer) 3U dispenser Planetary Systems CSD (Canisterized Satellite Deployer) 3U, 6U, 12U dispensers Nanoracks ISS deployers: 3U, 4U, 6U Tyvak dispensers NASA Ames NLAS (NanoSat Launch Adapter System) 6U dispenser TriSept/Moog CSA FANTM-RiDE generic smallsat dispenser: Multiple 3U/6U (and larger) deployments International products ISIS dispenser ISIpod [Netherlands] Clyde Space [Scotland] JAXA ISS ejector, J-SSOD [Japan] SFS X-POD dispensers [Canada] Rideshare Conference 2014

CubeSat Adapters Naval Postgraduate School CubeSat Launcher (NPSCuL): 8 3Us or 4 6Us with Φ15” interface Small Sat Transporter (NASA Wallops, GSFC): Similar to NPSCuL but includes propulsion option Wafer adapters: 8 3Us or 4 6Us with Φ38.81” interface, can also carry “primary” small sat at Φ38.81”, 24”, or 15” interface NASA Ames NLAS LoadPath/Moog CSA CubeStack ALS Aquila CubeSat accommodations SpaceX CubeSat Surfboard Rideshare Conference 2014

CubeSat Adapters DesignNet Rideshare Adapter: Multiple CubeSats with Φ38.81” interface, can also carry “primary” small sat LM Athena Composite P-POD Carrier (ACPC): Multiple CubeSats built into the Athena rideshare adapter Moog ESPA SUM (6U Mount): 2 3Us or 1 6U with Φ15” interface; options for inboard and outboard on ESPA 15” port PSC Canisterized Satellite Dispenser (CSD) has bolt patterns for mounting directly to launch vehicle or satellite interfaces Rideshare Conference 2014

Small Sat Adapters Moog CSA ESPA ALS Aquila/A-Deck Standard, Grande, Small Launch versions ALS Aquila/A-Deck Center Deck capacity: 1000 kg, 56” dia up to 60” tall DesignNet Rideshare Adapter ORS Mission LM Athena Rideshare Adapter SNC Nanosatellite Dispenser/Adapter 2014 CYGNSS mission Moog CSA plate adapter 2011 GRAIL mission CSA CASPAR 74” adapter separation system not yet qualified Launch vehicle companies (and others) develop custom adapters based on need, e.g., Orbital STP S-26 adapter Rideshare Conference 2014

Four-Point Mount Interfaces SNC discrete separation joints QWKnut 3K, 10K FASSN 30K, 1500 TiNi Aerospace discrete separation joints ORBCOMM Generation 2 constellation launch on ESPA with adapter plates on ports Applied Physics Lab (APL) Express platform: Satellites between 6U and ESPA-class, especially 20-50 kg Satellite deployment uses new sep interface with two separation nuts at opposite corners of 4-point mount AFRL ESPA Augmented Geostationary Laboratory Experiment (EAGLE) interface: Developed for propulsive ESPA ring First copy of EAGLE ESPA replaces several of six ESPA ports with sets of four mounting pads for attaching hosted payloads 4-point-mount interface also for use with separable satellites, up to 180 kg with 20-inch CG offset, as in standard ESPA Rideshare Conference 2014