RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 1917 – 1922

9 Causes of Russian Revolution 1.CZARIST RULE: autocratic rulers who have total power, very little rights for the people 2.PEASANT UNREST: peasants were extremely poor and lacking proper nutrition, wanted more rights References Citation (MLA) The Russian Revolution. Classroom Media PowerMediaPlus.com. 17 January 2008.

3. PROBLEMS OF URBAN WORKERS: peasants working in factories worked long hours for low pay 4.DIVERSITY & NATIONALISM: ethnic minorities did not want cultures destroyed through Russification

5. BLOODY SUNDAY: Czar Nicholas II orders soldiers to fire on peaceful protestors and small revolts occur as a result References Citation (MLA) The Russian Revolution. Classroom Media PowerMediaPlus.com. 17 January 2008.

6.WORLD WAR I: Russian soldiers lacked adequate weapons/supplies and were losing the war The Russian Revolution. CLEARVUE & SVE (1989). Retrieved January 17, 2008, from PowerMediaPlus.com:

7. MARCH REVOLUTION: workers began strikes and riots against the government forcing the czar to abdicate (give up ruling power) 8. FAILURE OF THE PROVISIONAL GOV’T: continues fighting in WWI and does not end the unrest among peasant workers, who demanded land The Russian Revolution. CLEARVUE & SVE (1989). Retrieved January 17, 2008, from PowerMediaPlus.com:

9.BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION: Soviets (local councils of workers, peasants, soldiers) are set up in cities to take over gov’t & guide the revolution, came to power with the promise of “Peace, Bread, Land” The Russian Revolution. CLEARVUE & SVE (1989). Retrieved January 17, 2008, from PowerMediaPlus.com:

RUSSIA UNDER LENIN Lenin pulls Russia out of World War I by making a deal with Germany and giving them a large amount of land Russian Civil War (1918 – 1921). Lenin’s Red Army led by Leon Trotsky battled against different rival groups. Lenin’s forces win in 1921 The Russian Revolution. CLEARVUE & SVE (1989). Retrieved January 17, 2008, from PowerMediaPlus.com:

Communist Party (classless society ruled by workers) ruled Russia and enforced its will through the military and secret police New Economic Policy (NEP) Government controlled banks, large industry and foreign trade. Russia renamed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics The Russian Revolution. CLEARVUE & SVE (1989). Retrieved January 17, 2008, from PowerMediaPlus.com:

U.S.S.R. UNDER STALIN Totalitarianism: a government that has total power to completely control every part of the lives of its people. Soviet Union became a totalitarian state

Stalin increases the size and power of the secret police. The Great Purge begins, movement which eliminates anyone who threatens Stalin’s power

Executions, imprisonment or exile were punishments if found guilty in Stalin’s court. Millions of people died as a result of Stalin’s punishments Five – Year Plans: goal to increase output of steel, coal, oil & electricity at the expense of consumer goods, creating food, clothing & housing shortages.

Collective Farms: large farms owned by the state and operated by peasants as a group. Many peasants resisted government attempts to seize land. 5 to 10 million peasants died as a direct result of Stalin’s agricultural revolution