Bell Quiz (pgs. 294-303) 1. What is feudalism? 2. Describe the manorial system. 3. List the steps a boy must take to become a knight. 4. Where does the word chivalry come form? 5. What was the church hierarchy, from top to bottom, during the Middle Ages?
Answers 1. The legal and social system that existed in medieval Europe. 2. A lord and several peasant families sharing the land of the manor. 3. Page or attendant, squire, knight 4. The French word cheval, meaning “horse”. 5. Pope, Cardinals, Archbishop, Bishop, Priest.
Bell Quiz: Use pages 294-303 How did the practice of primogeniture exclude women or peasants from controlling land? How were feudal lords and peasants affected by the principles of chivalry? Why was it so important for kings, emperors, the church, and nobles to possess land? How did church officials, such as bishops, become involved in feudalism? What was a knights armor like before and after the invention of gunpowder?
Bell quiz Answers Land was inherited by the oldest son of a lord or vassal. The manners of feudal lords were improved, but knights were courteous only to their own class. Land ownership created power and authority. The church granted some of its lands as fiefs. Bishops served as feudal lords and vassals. Before gunpowder: armor was made of chain mail-small interlocking metal links stitched into a knee length shirt. After gunpowder: chain mail was replaced by overlapping metal plates.
Chapter 13 Section 2 Terms Feudalism Fief Vassal Primogeniture Manorialism Serfs Chivalry
Chapter 13 Section 3 Terms Sacraments Saint Benedict Canon Law Interdict Heretics Simony Inquisition
Objectives Explore how feudalism helped shape political and social development in Europe during the Middle Ages. Identify the ways in which the manorial system influenced economic growth in Europe during the Middle ages. Explore how the church influenced life in medieval Europe.
Groups of 2 Use the textbook and the handout to create a chart or diagram that illustrates the feudal system (class set-up) of the middle ages. Include all of the following: knights, serfs, kingdoms, castles, kings/queens, nobles, and church officials. Use markers to make your diagram on computer paper.
Feudalism The legal and social system that existed in medieval Europe after the fall of Charlemagne’s empire. Under this System a noble (Lord) granted land (Fief) to a lesser noble (Vassal). In exchange for the fief a vassal promised loyalty, and military service to the lord.
The Manorial System Manorialism: the economic system in much of Europe during the middle ages. People who lived on manors needed to be self-sufficient. A lord and several peasant families shared the land of the manor. Lord kept about 1/3 of the lands for him self (called the domain)
Peasant Life Peasant life was difficult. Peasants (or serfs) could not leave the land without the lord’s permission. Meal consisted mainly of bread, lentils, some vegetables, and ale. Life expectance was short. Lived, worked, and died all in the village they were born.
Nobles’ Lifestyles Did not live in luxury. Castle had thick walls and small windows; rooms were dark and chilly. Lords spent the day looking after their land and dispensing justice among his vassals and serfs.
Chivalry Code of conduct that dictated knights’ behavior towards others. Knights were expected to be courageous, fight fairly, be loyal, keep their word, treat conquered foes gallantly, and be courteous to women and the less powerful.
Chapter 13 Section 2 Quiz
Chapter 13 Section 3
The Church Medieval Church had broad political powers (central governments were weak) Church powers extended across kingdoms and through every social and political level.
Political Economic and Social Role Popes held some political power, not just spiritual power over European monarchs. Church had its own code of law, called cannon law, and its own courts. Held much economic power during the Middle Ages. One of Europe’s leading landowners. Many of its leaders were powerful feudal overlords. The clergy was involved with social work and took care of the poor and needy, and established hospitals.
Problems of the Church The church’s great wealth and influence led to many problems. People could buy high positions within the church hierarchy (Simony) In the 1200 the church attempted to reform itself by seeking out Heretics (people who do not believe or live the doctrines of their faith). The search for heretics is known as the Inquisition. Those who confessed could be forgiven. Those who did not were punished (ex. burning at the stake).
Review How did feudalism helped shape political and social development in Europe during the Middle Ages? In what ways did the manorial system influenced economic growth in Europe during the Middle ages? How did the church influenced life in medieval Europe?