Europe’s Population YearPopulation 100038 million 110048 million 120059 million 130070 million 134775 million 135250 million Source: www.byu.edu/ipt/projects/middleages/LifeTimes/Plague.html.

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The Hundred Years’ War and the Plague

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Presentation transcript:

Europe’s Population YearPopulation million million million million million million Source: During the Late Middle Ages

The Four Horsemen Revelation 6

The 14 th Century All of the following were occurring during the fourteenth century: Famine Black Death Hundred Years’ War Peasant Revolts

Great Famine ( ) “Little Ice Age” Food Shortage – Speculators Excommunicaton – Price Controls Unsuccessful

Bubonic/Pneumonic Plague (a.k.a. “Black Death”) c. 1340s 40% of population dead? A “Beak Doctor” AP Photo/Eduardo Verdugo

Bubonic Plague The Aftermath A “golden age” for workers? – Supply and Demand – Labor Shortage

Hundred Years’ War (on and off) England vs. France New Weapons – Pike – English Longbow – Battle of Crecy Battle of Crecy The “End of Chivalry” – Battle of Agincourt Battle of Agincourt The “Two Finger Salute” Decline of Feudalism

“War is Hell.” -- William T. Sherman, 1879

Chivalry The Warrior Code of the Middle Ages Rich man’s war… Rich man’s fight!

Sir Bors’ Dilemma

Battle of Crécy (1346) The “End of Chivalry” Edward III King of England Outnumbered 3-1? PRIMARY SOURCE: Froissart’s Chronicles [Excerpt]Froissart’s Chronicles

Battle of Agincourt (1415) Henry V King of England Outnumbered 3-1?

Battle of Agincourt (1415) “Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more; Or close the wall up with our English dead. In peace there's nothing so becomes a man As modest stillness and humility: But when the blast of war blows in our ears, Then imitate the action of the tiger; Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood, Disguise fair nature with hard-favour'd rage” -- Shakespeare, Henry V (Act III, Scene I) Henry V King of England Outnumbered 3-1?

KEY: English French English Allies

Joan of Arc French Peasant / Mystic National Hero TURNING POINT – Of Hundred Years’ War Heretic and Saint

Change Over Time … Joan interrogated in her prison cell by Cardinal Winchester. By Hippolyte Delaroche, 1824, Musée des Beaux- Arts, Rouen, France. Hippolyte DelarocheMusée des Beaux- Arts Joan of Arc became a popular figure in art in the 19 th century – for more paintings, see Joan’s Wikipedia page.Wikipedia

Nationalism

English Peasants’ Revolt (1381) PRIMARY SOURCE: Froissart’s Chronicles [Excerpt]Froissart’s Chronicles

English Peasants’ Revolt (1381) Wat Tyler – Leader – Murdered by London Mayor Unsuccessful, BUT – Decline of serfdom in England Wat Tyler or St. Paul?