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Chapter 4 Sec 1 The Early Greeks Date RAP (left page) Complete a vocabulary chart in 3 column format. See page 116.

Chapter 4: Ancient Greece Greek Parthenon

Geography of Greece Greece is a peninsula Made living from sea or were farmers Mild climate Mountains and seas divided communities How did geography discourage Greek unity? The mountains and the seas kept the Greeks apart, and early Greek communities became fiercely independent.

The Minoans Lived on the island of Crete Were not Greek, but lived in the region Made their wealth from trade and controlled the eastern Mediterranean Sea in 2000 BC 1450 BC: civilization collapsed….why?! 2. How did the Minoans become a trading civilization? They used the island trees to build ships that carried them all over the Mediterranean Seas.

Mycenaean people invaded Greece in 1900 BC and their leaders became the first Greek kings Mycenaeans built the first Greek kingdom and spread their power across the Mediterranean region. Life centered around the palace and people were skilled in different areas Traded with Minoans and learned their culture First Greek Kingdoms

First Greek Kingdoms Replaced Minoans as major power in 1400 BC Mycenaeans traded with Egypt and Italy and may have conquered Crete Strong in battle (Trojan War) 1200 BC: earthquakes and fighting weakened Mycenaeans, and by 1100, they collapsed First Greek Kingdoms

Dark Age for Greece 1100 BC-750 BC Trade slowed, poverty grew, written language and craftsmanship decreased Settled on islands in Aegean Sea and in Asia Minor to spread culture Dorians: moved south and settled in Peloponnesus and brought iron with them! Dark Age for Greece

Dark Age Iron gave Greece new advanced technology Farming grew and a new way of writing came about (influenced by Phoenician alphabet) What changes occurred during the Dark Age? Name at least 5 things. Trade slowed Farming decreased More poverty People settled in new areas People stopped teaching others how to write or do craftwork

A Move to Colonize Population rose quickly after Dark Age Not enough food, so people were sent out to colonize and culture spread Trade grew and began to mint coins Industry grew A Move to Colonize How did new colonies affect industry? Colonies increased the demand for goods and specializations, which in turn led to the growth of industry.

The Polis Similar to Mesopotamian city-states (small country with just one city) Acropolis served as the center for religion and protection Agora served as a market and meeting place Many different sizes

Greek Citizenship Members of political community who treat each other as equals and have rights Greeks were the first to develop this idea Only free native-born men who owned land in most city-states Rights included meetings, choose officials, voting, hold office, pass laws, own property, and defend oneself in court

Greek Citizenship as soldiers Hoplites: armies made of ordinary citizen soldiers Fought on foot heavily armed Carried round shield and 9 foot spear Marched in long rows Loyal to their city-state caused lack of unity between all Greek city-states How did citizenship make the Greeks different from other ancient peoples? Other ancient peoples were mostly subjects of kings and had little or no say in government.

RAP (on the left page) Ch 4-1 Early Greeks Date Copy and answer using page 121 Greek colonies and trading posts spread from the Black Sea in the east to Spain in the west. Which islands were home to Greek colonies? Cyprus, Sicily, Corsica On which continents could Greek colonies be found? Europe, Asia, Africa

Study for quiz Chapter 4 Section 1 On Friday! RAP Study for quiz Chapter 4 Section 1 On Friday! WIO Preview Chapter 4 Section 2 And be ready for discussion Monday.