Additional Emittance Plots The following plots are derived from Mark’s analysis of the Step 1 data taken in approx. August Mark derived the (rms, unnormalised) Twiss parameters and longitudinal momentum at TOF1 – see his thesis for details of the method.  The final part of his method was to apply a blind cut to the data, only considering the Gaussian- like interior region of the beam. Then remake the covariance matrix and extract the parameters.  Caveat: I only have the numbers derived from the beam’s covariance matrix before this cut was done.  Would like to discuss interesting aspects... 1

Pz vs. Momentum spread We see a similar amount of momentum spread for all the beams, increasing a little as we go to higher momentum. 2

Momentum vs. Beam Size All beams are approximately the same physical size in both dimensions. Limited by scraping in quadrupoles? 3

Momentum vs. Beta Function Beta function falls into “momentum bands”.  It looks like you can join together curves except that the data points belong to completely different beams! 4

Momentum vs. Divergence Beam divergence decreases with momentum. Again, have the “momentum bands” and the desire to “join the dots” of unrelated data (careful!). 5

Momentum vs. Emittance Emittance decreases with momentum. Positive beams have a slightly higher emittance overall (proton absorber). Again, careful with “joining the dots”. 6