Focus Activity: Look at the picture below. List 4 observations and make 2 inferences. Homework: Read section 2.3 and answer questions on page 55- left side of your notebook!!! Dress Appropriately for the Lab on Wednesday!

Some fun with chalk! With your partner, take 1 piece of chalk, a piece of paper, a spoon, and a small beaker with dropper. Place the chalk on the paper and list the properties and observations you make about the chalk. Next, crush the chalk on the paper with the spoon. Describe the changes you see. Place some of the chalk on the spoon, place 8 drops of vinegar onto the chalk. Describe your observations. Chalk is made up of calcium carbonate. Do you think a new substance was formed when the chalk was crushed? Added vinegar? Explain your position.

Physical Properties of Matter: a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance Examples: Physical State Physical State Color Color Texture Texture Hardness Hardness Freezing Point Freezing Point Boiling Point Boiling Point Malleability (Flexibility) Malleability (Flexibility)

Chemical Properties of Matter: a substance’s ability to change into a different substance Examples: Flammability Flammability Ability to react with other substances Ability to react with other substances Oxidation (e.g. rust) Oxidation (e.g. rust) pH Level pH Level

Physical Changes A physical change is any change that alters the form or appearance of matter but does not change the substance. The substance is the same before AND after the physical change.

Examples: Changes of state (melting, evaporating, etc.) Changes of state (melting, evaporating, etc.) Changes in shape or form (dissolving, bending, crushing, breaking, chopping) Changes in shape or form (dissolving, bending, crushing, breaking, chopping) Forming a mixture Forming a mixture V32v6I V32v6I V32v6I V32v6I Physical Change

Is this matter changing into something new? How is it changing?

chemical Change Produces one or more new substances through a chemical reaction. Creates a new substance with properties that are different from the original substance properties.

chemical Change Examples: Combustion (burning) Oxidation (rusting) Any chemical reaction Cooking food atch?v=FZq91OnJJW8&fe ature=related atch?v=FZq91OnJJW8&fe ature=related

CHEMICAL CHANGE

Evidence of Chemical Changes If there is a chemical change you might see…. Bubbles Substance may turn cloudy Temperature changes Color changes Change in smell or taste

Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) Matter is neither created nor destroyed during any physical or chemical change. The total amount of matter in a chemical reaction always remains the same. The total amount of matter in a chemical reaction always remains the same.

Molecules can help explain the law of conservation of matter. For every molecule of methane that burns, two molecules of oxygen are used. The atoms are rearranged in the reaction, but they do not disappear.

Thermal Energy Energy – the ability to do work or cause change. Every physical and chemical change includes a change in energy. Slicing bread, folding paper, cutting toenails, boiling water, all requires energy!

Thermal Energy Temperature is a measure of the average energy of the particles matter. Thermal energy or heat is the total energy of all the particles in an object.

Endothermic Change – A change in which energy is absorbed (taken in). Heat is absorbed by a substance. Examples: snowman melting snowman melting water evaporating water evaporating Thermal Energy and Changes in Matter

Exothermic Change – A change in which energy is released Heat is released by a substance. Examples: water freezing or condensing water freezing or condensing burning paper or wood burning paper or wood hand warmers (for winter) hand warmers (for winter)

For your musical enjoyment… EuZI&feature=related

Gummy Bears…. With your partner get a cup and 1 gummy bear. Write your names on the cup. Fill the cup about half way with water. Put the gummy bear in. We will check it tomorrow. On the LEFT side, make a prediction about what you think will happen to your gummy bear.