The French and Indian War

Who fought in the war? The French: The Delaware, Ottawa, & Shawnee Indians were allies with the French The Indians liked the French because they respected their land The French would trade with the Indians Spain also helped the French The British: The Mohawk Indians were allies with the British The colonists helped the British The Colonists knew the land and were able to help the British in combat

1753 – The British wanted the French to get off “their” land. George Washington, major in the Virginia militia, meets with Legardeur de St. Pierre who was the French commander of the Ohio River Valley. Washington tells him he must leave this territory because it belongs to the British.

Fort Duquesne and Fort Necessity French Fort: Duquesne British Fort: Necessity

What area in North America were the British and French fighting over?

When did the war begin? Conflicts between Britain and France began in 1754, but the actual war didn’t begin until 1756 The war lasted until 1763 The French and Indian war is also referred to as the seven-year- long war This war was part of a larger war that was going on in Europe

Reasons each country wanted the land. France Britain The French wanted the land to trade fur and goods with the Native Americans The British wanted to settle the land, farm the land and trade goods and furs found there

In 1755, the British send General Braddock to Virginia to fight the French He leads an army of soldiers to the Ohio River Valley George Washington was his aide Washington lets Braddock know the Indians taught the French how to fight.

The British are defeated in this battle Many of the British soldiers are killed General Braddock is shot and dies George Washington leads the surviving troops back to Virginia

Colonies must work together Benjamin Franklin and other delegates realized that to win a war, the colonies must work together. They created a plan to support this idea known as the Albany Plan of Union.

Britain didn’t agree with the plan Britain felt the plan would make the colonies too powerful. The colonies felt Britain has too much authority over them. The plan never goes into effect.

Comparing the fighting styles of the French and British Armies France They don’t wear bright red or blue uniforms They wear brown to blend in with the woods They don’t line up in long rows to fire their riffles They hide behind trees for coverage Britain They wear bright red uniforms making them easy targets They line up in long rows for battle exposing them to the enemies

It is 1759 and the British needed to defeat the French at their capital, Quebec

Who are the two Generals for the battle of Quebec? France: Marquis de Montcalm Britain: James Wolfe

Britain defeated France and Quebec surrenders General Montcalm and General Wolfe died during this battle

What important document came about because of this war? In 1763, the two sides signed the Treaty of Paris, officially ending the war.

Pontiacs Rebellion After the Treaty of Paris, British soldiers stay in the Ohio River Valley. This angered the remaining Native Americans. Pontiac, Ottawa Chief, leads a rebellion against the British soldiers, attacking British forts around the Great Lakes The British quickly defeat the Indians, but realize they must prevent further fighting.

The Proclamation of 1763 To prevent more fighting King George halted settler’s westward expansion. The Appalachian Mountains were the temporary western boundary for the colonies This angered many colonists who were already living in the area, or who have recently purchased land in the area These colonists land claims were now not recognized The Proclamation of 1763 created friction between the colonies and Great Britain

New problems began to arise with Britain and the colonists Britain owed large amounts of money called debts To help solve their debt problems, the British government passed a number of laws, called acts The colonists became angry with Britain because they were creating acts that would force them to pay taxes. This was called taxation without representation. The colonists thought this was unfair and began to protest.

The tensions between the colonists and British would lead to the American Revolution