The Road to Independence

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Presentation transcript:

The Road to Independence Chapter 2 Section 1 The Road to Independence

The French and Indian War British and American colonists fight French and Indian allies, 1754 Capture of Quebec – turning point in war Treaty of Paris – 1763 ended the war France gave east of Miss. River to Britain, except for New Orleans. British returned Cuba to Spain in exchange for Florida. Britain got New France (Canada)

Problems caused by French and Indian War Expensive Brits complained Americans didn’t offer enough support Colonists complained that British military tactics weak Colonist felt they could prosper without British help.

Causes of American Revolution! British needed cash to help pay for cost of French and Indian War - TAXES Sugar Act 1764 Quartering Act 1765-provide housing for British troops. Stamp Act 1765-tax on newspapers and most printed material. Stamp Act Congress – “no taxation without Representation!” Boycott (not buy) British goods

More Tension Declaratory Act-Parliament could make laws in all cases, what so ever. Townshend Acts, 1767-tax on glass and tea. Boston Massacre, 1770 Committees of Correspondence – 1772, Samuel Adams (Colonists discuss grievances and solutions) Tea Act, 1773 Intolerable Acts

First Continental Congress Colonists decide to… Boycott English goods Arm themselves

Revolutionary War Battles of Lexington and Concord (began the war-”shot heard round the world”) King George called colonists “rebels” – but colonists called themselves “Patriots”. Colonists gathered guns and ammo.

Declaration of Independence Written by Thomas Jefferson Signed on July 4, 1776 Listed reasons why colonies wanted independence from England.

British Strengths in Revolutionary War Army well-equipped and trained World’s finest navy 1/3 of colonists fought for British (Tories or Loyalists) Some slaves and Native Americans fought for British

British Weaknesses British citizens didn’t want to pay for the war Fought in hostile, new territory Battle tactics not effective

American Strengths Fought on own territory Officers knew tactics that worked More African Americans served with Americans than with British

American Weaknesses Not enough supplies, money, troops but… Help came from France….

Battles Battle of Saratoga – turning point of war Battle of Yorktown – fatal blow to British-Cornwallis surrendered to Washington.

Treaty of Paris, 1783 Ends the Revolutionary War. Great Britain recognizes independence of United States. Set the northern border between US and British Canada. Mississippi River would be the border between Spain and US. Spain took back Florida.

Patriotism The Revolution inspired Americans’ love of their country-PATRIOTISM.