*** Timeline ***  1763 – Treaty of Paris – ended French and Indian War & extended boundaries  1763 – Proclamation of 1763 – No settlement west of Appalachian Mtns  1764 – Sugar Act – marked the start new British policy ** Raising Taxes** - this begins the problems between the colonies and Gr. Britain

 1765 – Quartering Act – Placed British soldiers in vacant Colonial homes  1765 – Stamp Act – tax on printed material * 1 st direct tax * (continued decline in relationship between Gr. Britain and colonies!)

 1765 – Stamp Act Congress – 1 st organized resistance to British policy “No taxation without representation”  Committees of Correspondence – system of Communication- newsletters kept the colonists informed  Stamp Act was repealed but…

 1766 – Declaratory Act – stated Parliament had authority to make ALL laws for the colonies  1767 – Townshend Acts – tax on imported goods (necessities) - colonies began boycott

 1770 – Boston Massacre – 5 colonists killed *Propaganda*

 1773 – Boston Tea Party – Sons of Liberty dumped British tea into Boston harbor in protest  1774 – Intolerable Acts – passed to punish Mass. for rebellious activities

 Sept – First Continental Congress – Met in Philadelphia  1. Denounced Intolerable Acts 2. Form colonial militias 3. Boycott 4. Letter of complaint to king

 April 1775 – Lexington and Concord – first shots of the Revolutionary War

Shots at Lexington and Concord

The Revolutionary War Begins  May The 2 nd Continental Congress will become our make-shift govt. during the war  They began printing money to pay soldiers and established the postal system (Ben Franklin)  - They named George Washington Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army

Review:  Sept st Continental Congress meets-sends letter of complaint to king-agrees to meet again later  May nd Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia  April (between the two meetings) bloodshed at Lex. And Concord

 - June of 1775 – The Battle of Bunker Hill (Boston) which was won by the British but the Americans fought hard “Dear bought victory”  They sent the Olive Branch Petition to the King in a last peace effort. It was rejected and the colonials were called rebels

1775- Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense in efforts to convince Americans to declare independence. (good propaganda)

Independence Hall- Philadelphia

Signing Room

Declaration of Independence  Part I- Introduction  Part II- Theories of the purpose of government  Part III- List of the abuses of the king  Part IV- Formal declaration of American independence

National Archives

Declaration of Independence

Revolutionary War Battles  Stage 1 – – mainly skirmishes and the British withdrew from Boston  Stage 2 – British gained control of NY and Philadelphia wanting to isolate New England  Battles of Princeton and Trenton – served as morale boosters and increased enlistment.

Washington Crossing The Delaware River- Dec.25,1777

 Turning Point – 1777 Americans defeat the British at Saratoga – British never tried to operate away from the coast again. After this victory, the French promised more aid.  1777/1778 Winter – the Continental Army camped at Valley Forge to train soldiers (Von Steuben and Lafayette) and recuperate. They suffered a bitter cold winter and harsh conditions.

Valley Forge

Washington’s Headquarters

 The Southern Campaign – 1778 –The fighting shifted to the South where the British took Savannah and then took Charles Town (biggest British victory)  British Gen. Cornwallis took most of SC fairly easily until southern guerilla fighters began harassing British troops. (Francis Marion, Thomas Sumter, Andrew Pickens)

 Nathaniel Greene and Daniel Morgan gained major victories against Cornwallis at King’s Mt. and Cowpens.  Battle of Yorktown -1781– The British surrendered (French Navy arrived)  Treaty of Paris- 1783

Banaster Tarleton

Francis Marion in S.C.

 Historical Background Notes on Francis Marion  As a key figure in the American Revolution, General Francis Marion, best known as the “Swamp Fox,” surprise attacked the British forces in South Carolina, destroying communication and supply lines. Born in 1732 at Goatfield Plantation in St. John’s Parish, Berkley, he grew up in the swampland of South Carolina. This knowledge of the land would become a great benefit to him as the leader of a militia who hid in the swamps and lived off of the land.  Marion’s fighting career began when he fought the Cherokee in the Blue Ridge region of the state. He and his men fought in the famous battle of Sullivan’s Island or “The Battle of Fort Moultrie” as it became named for Colonel William Moultrie.

 Due to a broken ankle, he left Charleston shortly before it fell into the hands of the British. Back home near the Santee River, Marion led a small militia made up mostly of farmers. There they would hide in the swamps of the Pee Dee during the day, surprise attack the British as they traveled between Charleston and Camden which were both conquered by the British, and retreated back to the swamps. The terrain of the swamps was unfamiliar to the British troops, thus giving Marion and his men an advantage. As Marion’s brigade attacked, they would steal goods and arms from the British and free American prisoners. It was at this time that British general Tarleton, is credited for giving Marion his nickname, Swamp Fox. After chasing Marion and his men for some twenty-six miles and arriving at Ox Swamp, he stopped and said “Come boys! Let’s go back and we will catch the Gamecock. But as for this d—d swamp fox, the Devil himself could not catch him!”