What is Nationalism? When is war justified? When is killing acceptable?

1. MAIN Causes 2. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare: German policy of sinking all ships entering their water. 3. Zimmerman Telegram: Promises Mexico lost territory in US in return for alliance with Germany inWWI. 4. Lusitania: British Passenger ship, sunk by German U- Boat. Hastens US entry into WWI. 5. Allies: England, France, Russia, USA 6. Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire. 7. Espionage & Sedition Acts: Crime to interfere with US Draft or publish anything “..disloyal or profane” about the US or Constitution.

8. Schenck V. US: 1919, Free speech can be restricted in time of War. Prevents words which create a “clear and present danger”. (FIRE) 9. Red Scare: Fear of Socialism/Communism in US Points: Wilson’s plan for Peace after WWI. League of Nations. 11. Self Determination: national groups and countries make their own decisions. 12. League of Nations: guarantee peace through diplomacy. 13. Reparations: War Debt, Germans forced to pay. 14. Treaty of Versailles: Ended WWI, caused WWII 15. Dawes Plan: US Lends $ to Germany.

MILITARISM: Glorification of military power. Arms race led to fear and desire to use new industrial weapons.

Suspicions led to alliances. TRIPLE ALLIANCE: Germany, Austria/Hungary, Italy TRIPLE ENTENTE: Britain, France, Russia

Competition for land and resources created rivalries in Africa. US Involvement in Latin America and Asia has increased tension with European Nations.

Germany/British/French/Italian tension due to nationalism. USA “Turner Thesis”, Panama Canal, Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. “White Man’s Burden”

The assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by a Serbian radical. Wanted Bosnia to be free from Austrian Control. A/H declares war on Serbia and WWI begins.

M:militarism A:alliances I:imperialism N:nationalism Final spark: The assassinationThe assassination

Cultural ties to Europe (immigration) Economic ties. Exports to Germany fell 316 million dollars from Propaganda: pro-allies *Unrestricted Submarine Warfare. Sinking of the Lusitania,1200 killled. (128 Americans)

Germany promises Mexico back land lost in the Mexican Cession if they join the war effort against the USA. Intercepted by US intelligence and used as motivation to enter the war in “Yellow Journalism” turns public opinion toward war.

The Draft: May, 1917 Selective Service Act establishes draft. All males must register. MOBILIZATION OF THE ECONOMY. Wartime Economy. PATRIOTISM: Buy Liberty Bonds!

The Espionage Act: (1917) Crime to interefere with the draft. Postmaster General could ban “treasonous” materials from the mail. The Sedition Act: (1918) Crime to speak or publish anything “…disloyal, profane…or abusive…” about the US Government or military.

Supreme Court rules that free speech can be restricted in wartime. Free speech “would not protect a man from shouting “FIRE” in a crowded theater.” Do your words cause a “CLEAR AND PRESENT DANGER” to the USA?

England/France want to punish Germany Germany forced to sign War Guilt Clause. Full Reparations. League of Nations set up President Wilson—“14 points” plan for peace US Senate REJECTS Treaty of Versailles. (Checks/Balances) We are not members of the League of Nations Congress chooses path of NEUTRALITY

14 Points: ~Free Trade ~No Secret Alliances ~”Self Determination” of countries ~ LEAGUE OF NATIONS REJECTED. Woodrow Wilson

Fear of Communism spreading to the USA limits freedom of expression. Russian Revolution Great fear of Anarchists, labor leaders, immigrants, socialists. (S/E Europeans)