Asmerom Lebasi, Quinn Quaderer, Tamrat Oda

Classification/ Taxonomy Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Platyhelminthe s Class: Trematoda Subclass: Digenea Family: Paragonimidae Genus: Parnagonimus Species: westermani

History Discovered by Kerbert 1878 in the lungs of Bengal tigers from Europe, which had later died in a zoo. During the next two years, infection by this worm in humans were found in Taiwan.

Morphology adult fluke has reddish- brown in color, oval in shape looks like coffee bean 10 mm long X 5 mm wide

Geographic Distribution: Paragonimus westermani is distributed in southeast Asia and Japan.  Paragonimus kellicotti is endemic to Eastern U.S. and Canada: -rarely results in human infection

Hosts Definitive Host: Humans (rare for P. kellicotti ) Cats Dogs Pigs Intermediate Host: 1. Snails 2. Crabs and crayfish. My name is Bo I am a definitive host I ’m sooo wasted!!

LIFECYCLELIFECYCLE

Life Cycle of Paragonimus Westermani/Kellicotti 1. Eggs are excreted unembryonated in the spit, or are swallowed and passed in the feces. 2. In the external environment, the eggs become embryonated. 3. Miracidia hatch and seek the first immediate host(snail) and penetrate its soft tissues. 4. Miracidia go thru 3 life stages while in the snail: a. Sporocysts b. Rediae that give rise to many cercariae. c. Cercariae emerge from the snail. 5. Cercariae invade the second intermediate host, the crab or crayfish, where they encyst and become metacercariae. Infective stage. 6. Humans consume undercooked or pickled crab or crayfish that have P. westermani/kellicotti. 7. Metacercariae excyst in the duodenem. 8. Penetrate thru the intestinal wall into the peritoneal cavity, then thru the abdominal wall and diaphragm into the lungs. 9. Encapsulate in the lungs and develop into adults. 10. Adults in the lungs lay eggs which are then excreted in spit or feces.

Symptom Acute phase Chronic phase diarrhea, Chest pain, abdominal pain, Fever cough, skin rash notable for pale red, raised, itchy bumps During the, pulmonary manifestations cough discolored sputum hemoptysis chest radiographic abnormalities. chronic cough

Diagnosis Microscopic detection of eggs in feces or sputum Immunioblot for IgG antibody detection Radiological method can be used too X-ray the chest cavity and look for worms a lung biopsy Treatment Praziquantel (95% efficiency)

Prevention In order to prevent infection do not eat uncooked crab marinated in line juice because the lime do not kill the parasite

Public Health Concerns More than 22 million humans have it