Marine Aquaculture Jodie Toft and the Marine NatCap team

InVEST Finfish Aquaculture Model Evaluate how human activities and climate change may affect production and value of aquacultured finfish Image courtesy of the BC Salmon Farmers Association

Terrestrial/freshwater model: Tier 1 supporting service Terrestrial/freshwater model: Tier 1 that quantifies service Coastal Vulnerability Coastal Protection Overlap Analysis Renewable Energy Habitat Risk Assessment; Biodiversity Reservoir Hydropower Production Sediment Retention Managed Timber Production Crop Pollination Water Purification Marine model: Tier 1 that quantifies service Marine model: Tier 0 Marine model: Tier 1 supporting service InVEST Models & Linkages Aesthetic Quality Recreation Carbon Storage & Sequestration Carbon Storage & Sequestration (Blue Carbon) Agricultural Production Flood Risk Mitigation Groundwater Recharge Fisheries (including recreational) Aquaculture Marine Water Quality Optional model linkage, no sequencing Required/optional model linkage, sequencing needed Model coming soon! Ecosystem Service = Provisioning of Food What about filtration?

Terrestrial/freshwater model: Tier 1 supporting service Terrestrial/freshwater model: Tier 1 that quantifies service Coastal Vulnerability Coastal Protection Overlap Analysis Renewable Energy Habitat Risk Assessment; Biodiversity Reservoir Hydropower Production Sediment Retention Managed Timber Production Crop Pollination Water Purification Marine model: Tier 1 that quantifies service Marine model: Tier 0 Marine model: Tier 1 supporting service InVEST Models & Linkages Aesthetic Quality Recreation Carbon Storage & Sequestration Carbon Storage & Sequestration (Blue Carbon) Agricultural Production Flood Risk Mitigation Groundwater Recharge Fisheries (including recreational) Aquaculture Marine Water Quality Optional model linkage, no sequencing Required/optional model linkage, sequencing needed Model coming soon!

VIDEO INTERLUDE.

Weight of fish harvested Value of fish harvested Inputs Farm locations Farm operations Number of fish, date of outplanting, ideal harvest and dressed wt. Environmental characteristics Temperature Economics Price-per-pound, operating costs, wages Outputs

Growing an individual fish Individual growth model: Inputs: starting weight, a and b, daily temperature scale by the number of fish in the pen output: weight of fish in the net pen at the end of 1 growout cycle valuation: net revenue – costs Do similar models exist? Stigebrandt Turnover of energy and matter by fish – a general model with application to salmon. Fisken og Havet Weight t = (aW t-1 b * temperature effect) + W t-1 Outplanting weight Target harvest weight

Ecosystem service value: 1 growing cycle, 1 farm Individual growth model: Inputs: starting weight, a and b, daily temperature scale by the number of fish in the pen output: weight of fish in the net pen at the end of 1 growout cycle valuation: net revenue – costs Do similar models exist? Weight of harvested fish = (target harvest weight * # of fish in the net- pen) - mortality Weight of processed fish = Wt. of harvested fish * fraction remaining after processing Value of processed fish = Wt. of processed fish * (market price – fraction that is costs)

A complete model run: 1 farm User-defined length of model run (e.g., 5 years) 05 Value of processed fish Fallowing period

The Model in Action: Salmon netpens in WCVI

Value of salmon harvest (5 years) $240,325, ,811,334 kg

Scenarios 1.Baseline: some farms fallow, some don’t 2.Scenario A: all farms have 4 month fallowing period, some farms removed or relocated 3.Scenario B: some farms fallow, some farms removed Baseline Scenario B Scenario A

Net present value ($)

Data Requirements

Application What might you use this model for? For what kinds of questions in what kinds of decision making?

Hands-on session

The Model in Action: Part 2 Shellfish aquaculture in Lemmens Inlet

Float homes and shellfish tenures in Lemmens Inlet

A. BaselineB. ConservationC. Industry Expansion Float Homes Eelgrass Recreational Kayaking Increased Kayaking Shellfish Aquaculture Geoduck Harvest Crab Harvest Guerry et al IJBSESM, in press

What’s next for Aquaculture in InVEST?

Finfish: wastes and sea lice

For use by other InVEST models: Habitat Risk Assessment Water Quality Fisheries

Shellfish!

Who? Pacific Oyster Easter Oyster Blue Mussel Manila Clam What? Quantity, Value of harvest Quantity of Filtration (for use in other models)

Questions?