User-Centred Design: Design Guidelines (lecture-6) Prof. Dr. Matthias Rauterberg Faculty Industrial Design Technical University of Eindhoven

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e2 The History of Usability Definitions DIN part 8 (1988) EC directive 90/270/EEC (1990) ISO 9241 part 10 (1996) suitability for the task self-descriptiveness conformity with user expectations controllability error robustness suitability (activity adapted) feedback about system states appropriate format and pace of information presentation information and instruction of ease of use applicable to hearing and participation of suitability for the task self-descriptiveness conformity with user expectations suitability for learning suitability for individualization controllability error tolerance

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e3 ISO Definition of Quality of Use The ISO 9241 standard defines three components of "quality of use" applicable to the design of user interfaces:  Effectiveness Does the product do what the users require? Does it "do the right thing?"  Efficiency Can the users learn the user interface quickly? Can they carry out their tasks with minimum expended effort, including a minimum of errors? Does it improve the productivity/effort ratio? Does it "do things right?"  Satisfaction Do users express satisfaction with the product? Does the new product reduce stress? Do the end users now have a more satisfying job?

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e4 The Concept of Transparency

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e5 The Concept of Individualisation

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e6 The Basic Triangle: T-U-S user-oriented requirement analysis –know the user –describe the context of use –analyze the user‘s tasks –decide for user-system function allocation usersystem task(s) training usability task design automation functionality qualification

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e7 List of relevant books for the area of human-computer interaction (HCI) About HCI in general: –D. Norman, S. Draper: User centered system design. Lawrence Erlbaum, –P. Booth: An introduction to Human-Computer Interaction. Lawrence Erlbaum, –L. Barfield: The user interface - concepts & design. Addison Wesley, –A. Dix, J. Finlay, G. Abowd, R. Beale: Human-Computer Interaction. Prentice, –J. Preece, Y. Rogers, H. Sharp, D. Benyon, S. Holland, T. Carey: Human-Computer Interaction. Addison Wesley, –L. Macaulay: Human-Computer Interaction for Software Designers. Thomson, –B. Shneiderman: Designing the user interface. Addison Wesley, 1997, 3rd edition. About design principles: –C. Brown: Human-Computer Interface design guidelines. Ablex, –W. Galitz: Handbook of screen format design. QED, –D. Hix, R. Hartson: Developing user interfaces. Wiley, –ISO 9241 (Part 10: Dialogue principles, Part 12: Presentation of information, Part 14: Menu dialogues, Part 15: Command dialogues, Part 16: Direct manipulation dialogues, Part 17: Form fill-in dialogues) –D. Mayhew: Priniples and guidelines in software user interface design. Prentice, –C. Gram, G. Cockton (eds.): Design priniples for interactive software. Capman & Hall, About usability evaluation methods: –D. Freedman, G. Weinberg: Walkthroughs, Inspections, and technical reviews. Dorset, –J. Dumas, J. Redish: A practical guide to usability testing. Ablex, –A. Monk, P. Wright, J. Haber, L. Davenport: Improving your Human-Computer Interface: a practical technique. Prentice Hall, –ISO 9241 (Part 11: Guidance on usability, Part 13: User guidance) –J. Nielsen, R. Mack (ed.): Usability inspection methods. Wiley, 1994.