Spin the Genetic Wheel!!. Genetics I. What is genetics? i. Genetics The study of _______ (how traits are passed from parents to offspring)

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Presentation transcript:

Spin the Genetic Wheel!!

Genetics

I. What is genetics? i. Genetics The study of _______ (how traits are passed from parents to offspring)

I. What is genetics? i. Genetics The study of heredity (how traits are passed from parents to offspring)

ii. Heredity How an organism passes ____ from one generation to the next.

ii. Heredity How an organism passes traits from one generation to the next.

iii. Trait A __________ or quality of an organism

More definitions iii. Trait A characteristic or quality of an organism

iv. Traits that are advantageous are ____ likely to get passed on

iv. Traits that are dominant are more likely to get passed on

More definitions v. Variability The differences between ________ in a given population

More definitions v. Variability The differences between organisms in a given population

More Definitions vi. Adaptation A structure or behavior that allows an organism to survive in its environment. sidewinder video

II. Who is Gregor Mendel?

An Augustinian monk who taught physics to high school students.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? An Augustinian monk who taught physics to high school students. As a young man worked as a gardener and continued to work with plants in his life as a teacher and as a monk.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? i. Mendel became known as the father of Genetics for his work.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? i. Mendel became known as the father of Genetics for his work. ii. In the 1860s, Mendel studied variation using the ____ of pea plants.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? i. Mendel became known as the father of Genetics for his work. ii. In the 1860s, Mendel studied variation using the traits of pea plants.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel iii. Plants

II. Who is Gregor Mendel iii. Plants a. A flower is a structure that contains a plant’s reproductive organs.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel iii. Plants a. A flower is a structure that contains a plant’s reproductive organs. 1. The ______ is the male organ that produces pollen (sperm).

II. Who is Gregor Mendel iii. Plants a. A flower is a structure that contains a plant’s reproductive organs. 1. The stamen is the male organ that produces pollen (sperm).

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? 2, The ___ is the female organ that contains egg cells.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? 2, The pistil is the female organ that contains egg cells.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? 2, The pistil is the female organ that contains egg cells. b, During _____ _________, pollen is transferred to the top of the pistil (stigma) within the same plant this leads to fertilization (union of sperm and egg)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? 2, The pistil is the female organ that contains egg cells. b, During self- pollination, pollen is transferred to the top of the pistil (stigma) within the same plant this leads to fertilization (union of sperm and egg)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. During _____________, pollen is transferred to the stigma of another plant (fertilization)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. During cross-pollination, pollen is transferred to the stigma of another plant (fertilization)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? d. Vocabulary Review: A zygote is a fertilized egg.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? iv. Mendel found patterns in the way traits were _______.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? iv. Mendel found patterns in the way traits were inherited.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? iv. Mendel found patterns in the way traits were inherited. a. organisms contain two ____ per trait (one from each parent)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? iv. Mendel found patterns in the way traits were inherited. a. organisms contain two genes per trait (one from each parent)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. Genes are units of ______; determines traits in offspring.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. Genes are units of heredity; determines traits in offspring.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. Genes are units of heredity; determines traits in offspring. c.________ genes will mask (hide) other genes; “stronger”

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. Genes are units of heredity; determines traits in offspring. c.Dominant genes will mask (hide) other genes; “stronger”

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. Genes are units of heredity; determines traits in offspring. c.Dominant genes will mask (hide) other genes; “stronger” d.a _______ gene is hidden by a dominant gene; “weaker”

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? b. Genes are units of heredity; determines traits in offspring. c.Dominant genes will mask (hide) other genes; “stronger” d.a recessive gene is hidden by a dominant gene; “weaker”

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. _______ refers to an organism with a pair of the ____ genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being __________.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. Purebred refers to an organism with a pair of the ____ genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being __________.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. Purebred refers to an organism with a pair of the same genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being __________.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. Purebred refers to an organism with a pair of the same genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being homozygous.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. Purebred refers to an organism with a pair of the same genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being homozygous. f._____ refers to an organism with two ______ genes for a trait (one dominant and one recessive); this is known as being ___________.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. Purebred refers to an organism with a pair of the same genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being homozygous. f.Hybrid refers to an organism with two ______ genes for a trait (one dominant and one recessive); this is known as being ___________.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. Purebred refers to an organism with a pair of the same genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being homozygous. f.Hybrid refers to an organism with two different genes for a trait (one dominant and one recessive); this is known as being ___________.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? e. Purebred refers to an organism with a pair of the same genes for a given trait (either dominant or recessive); this is known as being homozygous. f.Hybrid refers to an organism with two different genes for a trait (one dominant and one recessive); this is known as being heterozygous.

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? g.In genetics, each trait is noted by a single letter (i.e. “T” for tall plants)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? g.In genetics, each gene is noted by a single letter (i.e. “T” for height) h.Capital letters are used to show which is the dominant allele (copy of the gene) 1. i.e. T = the tall allele (dominant) t = the short allele (recessive)

II. Who is Gregor Mendel? g.In genetics, each gene is noted by a single letter (i.e. “T” for height) h.Capital letters are used to show which is the dominant allele (copy of the gene) 1. i.e. T = the tall allele (dominant) t = the short allele (recessive)

III. Are Genes Always Dominant and Recessive?

i. No, in some gene pairs, the genes are neither dominant nor recessive. During ________ _________, neither gene hides the other (each gene blends with the other).

III. Are Genes Always Dominant and Recessive? i.No, in some gene pairs, the genes are neither dominant nor recessive. During incomplete dominance, neither gene hides the other (each gene blends with the other).

IV. What are Phenotype and Genotype? i.________ – the visible characteristics (traits).

IV. What are Phenotype and Genotype? i.Phenotype – the visible characteristics (traits).

IV. What are Phenotype and Genotype? ii.________ - the _____ that the organism possesses e.g. a hybrid (heterozygous) genotype will have a phenotype that shows the trait of the dominant gene.

IV. What are Phenotype and Genotype? ii.________ - the genes that the organism possesses e.g. a hybrid (heterozygous) genotype will have a phenotype that shows the trait of the dominant gene.

IV. What are Phenotype and Genotype? ii.Genotype - the genes that the organism possesses e.g. a hybrid (heterozygous) genotype will have a phenotype that shows the trait of the dominant gene.