Remember: a symbol gives additional meaning to things. Heart = love Brain = intelligence An allegory is a story that has additional meaning throughout the entire plot. Everything actually means more and the reader or the audience must figure it out. 2 Animal Farm is an allegory

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allegorical farmyard tale satirizing government It’s about the pitfalls of government and mankind 4

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You are the king You make the rules and laws of the country You don’t get paid because you don’t have to pay for things You use money to improve the country and its citizens 6

You live here…Your neighborhood is… 7

Your job is to collect money from the workers You make a lot of money each month You give your opinion to help make rules and laws. You own fancy things 8

This is also your neighborhood…You live here… 9

You are doctors, lawyers, teachers, nurses, professors, etc. You have nice homes Some of you live in the same neighborhood as the nobility You make decent money 10

You work in the fieldsYou make $20 a month 11

There is no running waterYour children work too 12

There are 16 people to an apartment 6 people share a room You are the workers of the country If it was not for you, no one would eat 13

Who does this type of government benefit? Is it fair? 14

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Romanov (Nicholas II)

Life under the Tsar was getting bad Living and working conditions were growing worse Something had to change

Poor working conditions and scarce resources were making the Russian people unhappy with the Tsar The communist Bolshevik party began to form in Russia

Born a Jew in Germany in 1818 Envisioned a classless society He argued that the workers should revolt and that property and wealth should be redistributed fairly. 18 Karl Marx: Father of Communism

People should contribute what they could and, in return, receive enough to support themselves. Karl Marx, in 1847, wrote his Communist Manifesto, spelling out the basics of communism

“Utopia” is a term for an ideal society. In Greek, this word means “no place.” What do YOU think the Greek meaning foreshadows? 20

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1. All historical change comes from class struggles. 2. Communism is the highest and final stage of development. 3. In societies based on Capitalism…the rulers are the wealthy class (capitalists). The working class provides the labor. Who always profits? The Capitalists! 4. The ruling class will never give up their power willingly.

5. The result of this relationship between the different classes = struggle & violence! 6. Capitalists enslave the working class. Marx believes workers should set up a planned community. 7. All industries should be controlled by the state—not individuals. These are the basic ideas of pure Communism

Opposition of the Tsar had vastly grown Unarmed workers march to the Winter Palace, where the Tsar and his family were living in St. Petersburg, in a peaceful demonstration They are gunned down by the Tsar’s men Considered one of the key events that lead to the Russian Revolution

After Bloody Sunday, Tsar Nicholas forms the Duma….a form of congress The Duma actually had very little power Unrest continues to grow Enter Rasputin…the Evil Monk!

Grigori Rasputin was a Russian Orthodox Christian Monk Believed he was a faith healer and mystic and gained fame

Tsar Nicholas had a son Alexi Alexi had hemophilia- his blood didn’t clot normally Tsarina Alexandra Romanov, desperate to help her son, brought Rasputin to the palace Rasputin heals Alexi during a bleeding episode, gaining the trust of the Tsarina

As Tsar Nicholas was away fighting in WWI, Rasputin became a confidant and advisor of the Tsarina Rasputin essentially became the ruler of Russia Russia’s economy worsened The people began to blame the Tsarina and Rasputin

To save the Tsar’s throne, noblemen loyal to Tsar Nicholas murder Rasputin It took a few tries… Poisoned with cyanide—no effect Shot point blank and got up and ran Shot 2 more times, clubbed, hands tied and then dropped in frozen river Cause of death—Drowning!

The Bolshevik party (communists) eventually took power. The Bolsheviks were led by Vladimir Lenin, the same leader of the Bloody Sunday protest. Russia became the USSR ( Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ) 30

You and your family were shot and killed in your basement The entire family was told they were going to take a family picture The girls did not die so they were stabbed They still did not die so then they were shot in the head Sorry!!! 31

This new government, led by Lenin, owns everything, but provides education, healthcare, food, etc. to the people. Lenin’s reign is most remembered for the Red Terror -executions of anyone who opposed him -concentration camps

You had to get a job… You neighborhood has been set on fire You work 14 hours a day Your wife had to sell all her jewelry for $2 You now make $30 a month but you get free healthcare and education 33

You work the same job… You work for the government now. You have the same job but you only work 6 hours a day You now make $30 a month but you get free healthcare and education 34

You have the same job but with some changes… You now work only 14 hours a day You have no choices over rules and laws still but you love your new ruler You now make $30 a month but you get free healthcare and education 35

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In 1924, people could go see him and say goodbye They can still do that now, too. Yep, he’s still there! 37

A leader during the Bolshevik Revolution 2 nd in command during Lenin’s reign Editor of the Pravda

Newspaper-name means “Truth” Government controlled the news

After Lenin’s death, Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky struggled over who should be in power. Even though it was no longer a Monarchy, Russian citizens still did not get to choose their leader. 40

Young StalinMilitant Stalin 41 Stalin had been a leader in the Bolshevik party under Lenin

Stalin ruled the Soviet Union from 1929 until his death in He was responsible for the USSR becoming a major industrial power. He also killed or imprisoned millions of people in the great “purges.” Millions of people who were suspected of being a threat to the party were executed or exiled to labor camps called gulags (concentration camps) 42

The Utopian dream was not achieved. Many people were worse off under Soviet rule than they had been under Tsarist rule. 43

What are the benefits to this type of government? What are the down sides to this government? Is it fair? 44

What is it really all about?

Class, Due to poor grades the last 6-weeks, I have decided to give everyone the same grade for the Animal Farm unit. Everyone will be receiving a C. You will still complete work individually; however, the entire class will receive the same grade. This will prevent anyone from failing as has happened in the past few units. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask or me. Thank you, Ms. Rathmann

How do you feel about this statistic? Do you think it is fair? Unfair? Explain your reasons.

 SWBAT describe capitalism and communism  SWBAT compare and contrast communism and capitalism  SWBAT evaluate communism and capitalism Work all the way to reading comprehension questions.