1-1 Notes – Cells & Life Chapter 1, Lesson 1

Microscopes Most cells can only be seen with a microscope.

Microscopes

Microscopes Early microscopes include the light microscope, which uses light and has one or more lenses that enlarges an image of something.

Microscopes Modern microscopes include electron microscopes, which can enlarge images 100,000 times or more.

Microscopes Fly Foot

Microscopes Spider

Microscopes Pollen Grains

Microscopes Moth Head

Microscopes Flea

Microscopes Ant

Cell Theory Says three things: All organisms are made of cells.

Cell Theory Says three things: All organisms are made of cells. The cell is the smallest unit of life.

Cell Theory Says three things: All organisms are made of cells. The cell is the smallest unit of life. All new cells come from pre-existing cells.

Characteristics of Life All organisms have common characteristics such as: organization

Characteristics of Life All organisms have common characteristics such as: organization responses

Characteristics of Life All organisms have common characteristics such as: organization responses growth and development

Characteristics of Life All organisms have common characteristics such as: organization responses growth and development reproduction

Characteristics of Life All organisms have common characteristics such as: organization responses growth and development reproduction maintain homeostasis

Characteristics of Life All organisms have common characteristics such as: organization responses growth and development reproduction maintain homeostasis use energy

Characteristics of Life Organization means that all living things are organized with structures that each have their own function.

Characteristics of Life Responses means that all living things are able to respond to changes in their environment.

Characteristics of Life Growth and Development means that all living things grow and develop throughout their life time.

Characteristics of Life Reproduction means that all living things came from another living thing, and can produce their own offspring.

Characteristics of Life Maintain Homeostasis means that all living things can keep their internal conditions within certain limits.

Characteristics of Life Use Energy means that all living things need energy to carry out their daily processes.

Chemistry of a Cell The molecules in living things are made from these elements (SPONCH): sulfur potassium oxygen nitrogen carbon hydrogen

Chemistry of a Cell 96% of all living things is made up of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon (HONC).

Chemistry of a Cell Living organisms obtain these elements from their environments.

Water The main ingredient Makes up 2/3 (66%) of our body mass Inside cells and surrounds cells Allows the transport of substances in the blood.

Water Water molecules have negative and positive ends that attract each other.

Basic Substances in Cells Macromolecules are LARGE molecules. They are long chains of smaller units called monomers.

Basic Substances in Cells The 4 kinds of macromolecules: Proteins Nucleic acids Lipids Carbohydrates

Proteins Folded chains or groups of folded chains of monomers called amino acids

Nucleic Acids Long chains of monomers called nucleotides. Two kinds: DNA and RNA

Lipids Do not dissolve in water The main kinds are: fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes

Carbohydrates Made of one or more monomers called sugar molecules Store energy Make up the structural parts of cells

Where do new cells come from? A the food we eat B our parents 1.1 Cells and Life Where do new cells come from? A the food we eat B our parents C preexisting cells D carbohydrates

Which is a characteristic of organisms? A birth B death C respiration 1.1 Cells and Life Which is a characteristic of organisms? A birth B death C respiration D organization

How much of our body mass is water? A 90% B 75% C 66% D 30% 1.1 Cells and Life How much of our body mass is water? A 90% B 75% C 66% D 30%

Which is not a macromolecule found in cells? A water B lipids C proteins D carbohydrates

What is DNA? A a protein B a nucleic acid C a lipid D a carbohydrate

Life and Cells 11:50