Fractions Math Vocabulary Numbers and Operations M5.A Aligning with Pennsylvania Department of Education Assessment Anchors and enVision Math Textbook Fractions Topic 9 ©2010 Caryn Dingman

2 factor Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A (review Grades 3 & 4 Anchor Glossary) * a number we multiply * a whole number we can divide evenly into another whole number examples: factors of 4: 1, 4, 2 factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12

3 multiple Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A (review Grades 3 & 4 Anchor Glossary) * a product (synonym) * the answer to a multiplication problem examples: multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12, 16 multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12

4 product Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A (review Grades 3 & 4 Anchor Glossary) * a multiple (synonym) * the answer to a multiplication problem examples: products of 4: 4, 8, 12, 16 products of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12

5 fraction Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A (review Grades 3 & 4 Anchor Glossary) * describes one or more PARTS of a whole * whole can be a region examples: * whole can be a set * whole can be a segment

6 numerator Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A (review Grades 3 & 4 Anchor Glossary) * top part of fraction example: 3/5 3 out of 5 parts * shows how many equal parts OUT OF total parts * shown above the fraction bar

7 denominator Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A (review Grades 3 & 4 Anchor Glossary) * bottom part of fraction example: 3 / 5 3 out of 5 parts * represents TOTAL number of equal parts * shown below the fraction bar

8 improper fraction Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A * numerator is larger than denominator example: * can be changed to a mixed number

9 mixed number Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A * a whole number AND a fraction example: * can be changed to an improper fraction

10 least common multiple Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A Grade 5/6 Anchor Glossary * smallest product in common, or same, of fraction denominators example: ½ and ¼ LCM: 4 products of 2: 2, 4 products of 4: 4, 8 * may be called LCM * may be called LCD – least common denominator

11 fraction rules Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A Grade 5/6 Anchor Glossary BEFORE you can: compare fractions OR add fractions OR subtract fractions YOU MUST RENAME them example: ½ and ¼ LCM: 4 products of 2: 2, 4 ½ = 2/4 products of 4: 4, 8 ¼ = ¼ 2/4 > ¼ * find the LCM * rename all fractions using LCM as new denominator

12 equivalent fractions Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A Grade 5/6 Anchor Glossary * fractions that are equal example:

13 simplest form Fractions enVision Topic 9 PA Assessment Anchor M5.A Grade 5/6 Anchor Glossary * also called lowest terms examples: * directions may ask to “reduce”