Wartime Japan, 1931-1945. Meiji Restoration 1868 Emperor “restored” to power Creation of a modern nation state.

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Presentation transcript:

Wartime Japan,

Meiji Restoration 1868 Emperor “restored” to power Creation of a modern nation state

Getting to Empire Victory in Sino-Japanese War (1895)

Getting to Empire Victory in Sino-Japanese War (1895) – Taiwan – Pescadores – Liaotung Peninsula (returned after Triple Intervention)

Getting to Empire Victory in Sino-Japanese War (1895) – Taiwan – Pescadores – Liaotung Peninsula (returned after Triple Intervention) Victory in Russo-Japanese War (1905)

Getting to Empire Victory in Sino-Japanese War (1895) – Taiwan – Pescadores – Liaotung Peninsula (returned after Triple Intervention) Victory in Russo-Japanese War (1905) – Korea becomes a protectorate (annexed 1910) – Liaotung Peninsula – Southern half of Sakhalin

Early Stages of the War 1931 September, Manchurian Incident 1932, Creation of puppet state of Manchuguo 1937 July, China Incident 1937 December, Nanjing Massacre 1939 September, Hitler invades Poland 1941 December, Pearl Harbor Attack

Puppet State of Manchukuo (1932)

US-Japan Relations to Pearl Harbor 1885Mass Japanese emigration to Hawaii and the mainland 1905California Oriental Exclusion League established with 78,000 members 1908Gentlemen’s agreement 1913No Japanese “aliens” can purchase land Japanese cannot become naturalized US citizens (until 1952)

Japanese American Internment Dec 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor attack Dec 7, 13,000 Issei (first generation) imprisoned Dec 8, US declares war Feb 19, 1942, Executive Order 9066 issued

Racism in California

Tanforan Relocation Center

Tule Lake Internment Camp

Minidoka camp, Idaho

Moving In

Manzanar, CA

Sources for Teaching -groups/japanese-american-internment-era- collection?ogmt_page=behind-barbed-wire

Internment Documents and Sources John Okada’s novel, No no Boy

War in the Pacific Pearl Harbor

War in the Pacific Pearl Harbor 12.13Guam Falls to Japanese 12.20Wake Island Falls to Japanese 12.25Hong Kong (Japan) Manila (Japan) 2.15Singapore (Japan)

War in the Pacific Pearl Harbor 12.13Guam Falls to Japanese 12.20Wake Island Falls to Japanese 12.25Hong Kong (Japan) Manila (Japan) 2.15Singapore (Japan) 1942 JuneMidway: turning the tide 1944 June Saipan

Ending the War Germany surrenders, May 1945 Potsdam Declaration, July 1945

Potsdam Declaration Signed by US, Great Britain, China July 1945 Called for unconditional surrender of Japan, specifically…..

1.(6) removal from government of those leaders responsible for leading the Japanese people on a path of military expansionism 2.(7) the occupation of Japan until war making powers are destroyed, and a new order of peace, security and justice is established

3. (8) limitation of Japanese sovereignty to Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku, and such minor islands as decided upon by the three powers

4. (9) complete disarming of the Japanese military forces 5. (10) the punishment of war criminals, development of democracy, establishment of freedom of speech, religion and thought and respect for fundamental human rights 6. (11) restriction of Japanese industries to those that would allow for sustaining of economy and payment of reparations, but not so much as to allow for re-armament

War in the Pacific 1945 March, Tokyo air raids 1945 April, Battle of Okinawa 1945 July, Potsdam Declaration

War in the Pacific 1945 March, Tokyo air raids 1945 April, Battle of Okinawa 1945 July, Potsdam Declaration August 6, atomic bombing of Hiroshima August 8, USSR enters the war against Japan August 9, atomic bombing of Nagasaki August 15, Japan surrenders

Surrender August 15, Japan surrenders

Why Was the Atom Bomb Dropped? Goal of unconditional surrender

Why Was the Atom Bomb Dropped? Goal of unconditional surrender Belief that Japanese atrocities justified use of bomb

Why Was the Atom Bomb Dropped? Goal of unconditional surrender Belief that Japanese atrocities justified use of bomb Belief that dropping the bomb would save American lives

Why Was the Atom Bomb Dropped? Goal of unconditional surrender Belief that Japanese atrocities justified use of bomb Belief that dropping the bomb would save American lives Warning signal to the USSR

What ended the War? Atomic bombs? Soviet entry? Japanese cabinet War and Peace Factions: – Preserving the kokutai

Atomic Bomb short films