Mainland and Insular Regions SOUTHEAST ASIA Mainland and Insular Regions E. J. PALKA
Setting the Boundaries Two sub-regions: Mainland and Insular Southeast Asia 11 countries; 10 of which are in the Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN) Formerly known as Indochina Highlights influence of India and China Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC QUALITIES A FRAGMENTED REALM OF NUMEROUS ISLAND COUNTRIES AND PENINSULAS PHYSIOGRAPHY DOMINATED BY HIGH RELIEF, CRUSTAL INSTABILITY, AND TROPICAL CLIMATES EXHIBITS CHARACTERISTICS OF A SHATTER BELT POLITICAL INSTABILITY AND CONFLICT CLUSTERED POPULATION PATTERNS POOR INTRAREGIONAL COMMUNICATIONS CULTURAL FRAGMENTATION (COMPLEX ETHNIC, LINGUISTIC, AND RELIGIOUS PATTERNS)
Southeast Asia Figure 13.1 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
SOUTHEAST ASIA
Physical Landscapes Mainland Insular Deltaic environments Tropical monsoon forest Insular Archipelagic environments Sunda Shelf Figure 13.6 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Natural Hazards Tsunami Damage in Banda Aceh Mud Volcano in Indonesia Figure 13.8 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Climate Figure 13.7 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Environmental Issues – Overview Figure 13.3 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Deforestation in Southeast Asia Export-oriented logging Denuded landscapes, damaged watersheds, reduced biodiversity National parks and protected areas Figure 13.4 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Deforestation Luzon, Philippines Oil Palm Plantations Figure 13.0 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff Figure 13.2.1
LOGGING ON BORNEO
Agriculture Harvesting Tea in Indonesia Figure 13.12 Figure 13.11 Harvesting Tea in Indonesia Swidden Agriculture and the “Golden Triangle” Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
BURNING RAINFOREST DEBRIS
REASONS TO “SLASH AND BURN” ? To eliminate the canopy of the trees in the rainforest allowing sunlight to enter To add a fertilizer to the impoverished soil in the form of nitrogen and carbon To eradicate competing vegetation that exists in the rainforest environment To alter the acidity of the soil which hampers the growth of the crops
SWIDDEN ESTABLISHED
REASONS TO ABANDON FARMS RAPID DETERIORATION OF THE SOIL DO LOSS OF THE LAYER OF ASH SOIL EROSION DUE TO HEAVY PRECIPITATION OF THE RAINFOREST INVASION OF THE SWIDDEN BY NATIVE VEGETATION AND PESTS DECREASE IN THE YIELDS DUE TO ALL OF THE FACTORS MENTIONED ABOVE
ENDANGERED WILDLIFE
Population Deltas Coastal areas Zones of fertile volcanic soil Figure 13.10 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Demographic Contrasts Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Transmigration Internal Relocation of Population Figure 13.14 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Contrasting Settlement Patterns Bangkok Figure 13.16 Rural Indonesia Figure 13.15 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Cultural Coherence and Diversity Indonesia’s Largest Mosque South Asian Chinese Islamic Influences Figure 13.19 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
ETHNICITY
Linguistic Diversity Burmese Script Figure 13.20 Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Religious Diversity Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Global Context of Southeast Asian Culture Buddhist Monks in a Burmese Market Filipina Musician in Hong Kong Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff Figure 13.23
Colonialism in Southeast Asia Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
Geopolitical Framework Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff
COLONIAL SPHERES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY A SYSTEMATIC FIELD OF GEOGRAPHY THAT FOCUSES ON THE SPATIAL EXPRESSIONS OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR KEY TERMS SUPRANATIONALISM BALKANIZATION IRREDENTISM GEOPOLITICS DEVOLUTION
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY (CONTINUED) STATE TERRITORIAL MORPHOLOGY COMPACT- CAMBODIA PROTRUDED (EXTENDED)- THAILAND ELONGATED (ATTENUATED)- VIETNAM FRAGMENTED- PHILIPPINES PERFORATED- SOUTH AFRICA THE IMPACT OF SHAPE?
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY (CONTINUED) BOUNDARIES DEFINITION VS DELIMITATION VS DEMARCATION MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATIONS GEOMETRIC PHYSIOGRAPHIC ANTHROPOGEOGRAPHIC GENETIC CLASSIFICATIONS ANTECEDENT SUBSEQUENT SUPERIMPOSED RELICT
GENETIC CLASSIFICATIONS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
ANTECEDENT MALAYSIA BRUNEI INDONESIA
SUPERIMPOSED PAPUA NEW GUINEA INDONESIA
RELICT BOUNDARY FORMER NORTH VIETNAM FORMER SOUTH
SUBSEQUENT BOUNDARY CHINA SOUTH CHINA SEA LAOS VIETNAM
SHAPES OF STATES
COMPACT STATE CAMBODIA A POLITICO-GEOGRAPHIC TERM TO DESCRIBE A STATE THAT POSSESSES A CIRCULAR, OVAL, OR RECTANGULAR TERRITORY IN WHICH THE DISTANCE FROM THE CENTER TO ANY POINT ON THE BOUNDARY EXHIBITS LITTLE VARIATION CAMBODIA, URUGUAY, AND POLAND ARE EXAMPLES. CAMBODIA
ELONGATED STATE VIETNAM A STATE WHOSE TERRITORY IS DECIDEDLY LONG AND NARROW; ITS LENGTH IS AT LEAST SIX TIMES GREATER THAN ITS AVERAGE WIDTH CHILE, VIETNAM, AND LAOS ARE CLASSIC EXAMPLES.
PROTRUDED STATE THAILAND A TYPE OF TERRITORIAL SHAPE THAT EXHIBITS A NARROW, ELONGATED LAND EXTENSION LEADING AWAY FROM THE MAIN BODY OF THE TERRITORY THAILAND AND MYANMAR ARE LEADING EXAMPLES. THAILAND
FRAGMENTED STATE MALAYSIA A STATE WHOSE TERRITORY CONSISTS OF SEVERAL SEPARATED PARTS, NOT A CONTIGUOUS WHOLE THE INDIVIDUAL PARTS MAY BE ISOLATED FROM EACH OTHER BY THE LAND AREA OF OTHER STATES OR BY INTERNATIONAL WATERS. PHILIPPINES AND INDONESIA ARE ALSO EXAMPLES. MALAYSIA
Mainland and Insular Regions SOUTHEAST ASIA Mainland and Insular Regions E. J. PALKA