Bell Ringer What role did women play in the mobilization for war? How did the government get the entire country involved in mobilization for war? Explain 1 way mobilization for war was different in WWII as compared to WWI.

Essential Question Based on previous knowledge and what you learned today was WWII a necessary war for the Americans? Support your answer with two pieces of evidence and explain one of those evidences in detail.

European Theatre From North Africa to Germany

Stalingrad Battle of Stalingrad: July 1942-February 1943 Battle of Stalingrad – Hitler attempted to annihilate the Red Army – War was going well for him Attack = very successful in the beginning – Soviet forces surrounded and crushed an entire German Army Turning point in WWII Tide of war now favored Allied Powers Map

North Africa Operation Torch (1942) Operation Torch – British/American invasion of Northern Africa – 2nd front desired by U.S.S.R. Deemed too dangerous by U.S. & G.B. – Erwin Rommel "Desert Fox" Invasion of North Africa Complete secret Allowed for invasion of South-Eastern Europe See Ken Burns, The War (When Things Get Tough, 9:30- 24:30)

Letters Home Directions: – Write a letter home to your parents describing your experience in combat. Requirements: – Proper greeting & salutation – 2-3 details about your life – 1-2 paragraphs long

"Bloody Anzio" Italy Campaign: Italy Campaign Sicily: July 1943, took 38 days to take Sicily – Easy, minimal casualties Mainland Italy: – British & American forces invade bottom of the "boot" – Going fine, until they hit: Weather changes Terrain changes Increased resistance Ken Burns (Episode: When Things Get Tough, 1:28:59- 1:42:00, Next, Disc3, 56:30- 1:03:40, 1:25:40-1:44:00)

Operation Overlord Normandy Invasion: June 6, 1944 Normandy Invasion – 1,200 plane airborne assault – 5,000 vessel amphibious assault – 160,000 troops invade Atlantic Wall: fortification of Atlantic Coast Atlantic Wall – Rommel had been newly appointed & led this charge D-Day – Ken Burns (Disc 3, 8:35-42:00)

Battle of the Bulge Last German Offensive – Ardennes Forest, Belgium – Used as a type of rest & recuperation area for American soldiers Casualties – American: 75,000 – German: 67,200 – British: 1,408 Ken Burns (9:50-31:20, Disc 5) Map

Death of FDR April 12, 1945 Devastating for the entire nation Led the country through its' darkest times… – Great Depression – Pearl Harbor – WWII

V-E Day Hitler dead: April 30, 1945 – Shot himself Victory in Europe Day: May 8, 1945 War in Pacific still wages on…