World War I Chapter 8, Section 1 Lesson 1: The Road to War

Activity 1: Take notes as we discuss some long-term causes of WWI and the spark that ignited the war.

A. Nationalism- The feeling that a specific nation, language, or culture is superior to all others - unified a number of people with German background into the German Empire - Austria-Hungary- very large empire which included people of many nationalities and languages - some of these people did not want to be ruled by Austria-Hungary

B. Imperialism - European nations competed to gain territories and build overseas empires - late 1880s, Britain was the world’s largest imperial power - France, Germany, Italy, and Russia wanted to create similar empires

C. Militarism- A policy of aggressive military preparedness - European nations built larger militaries than ever before - Germany created the most powerful army in Europe and built a navy to rival Britain

Militarism Triple Alliance (would later become the Central Powers with Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria) - Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary Triple Entente (would later become the Allies with U.S. and Italy) - France, Russia, Britain - European leaders thought that no country would start a war without a real advantage These treaties bound the great powers to come to each other’s aid in the event of an attack. This created a fragile balance of power.

Activity 2: Label all countries and bodies of water on the map using your book. Create a key and use different colors to label the Allies and Central Powers.

On the back of your map, use the Section “War Breaks Out” on page 232-235 to explain the early major battles of the war.

World War I Chapter 8, Section 2 Lesson 2: A New Kind of War How did WWI change the ways wars were fought?

Activity 1: How do you feel knowing that at any second a soldier could jump into your trench and try to kill you? What will you do if someone jumps in? How are you preparing yourself mentally and physically?

Activity 2: The gas mask you have to wear makes you feel claustrophobic. What can you do to overcome the feeling? The soldier next to you dies. What are you going to do with the body?

Activity 3: What can you do to get rid of the rats? Your ration for the day is a tin of ham and a piece of bread that a rat has nibbled on. How will you eat your food so that it lasts for an entire day?

Activity 4: What do you do to keep from getting bored? Your uniform is wet because you have been sitting in a puddle. What will you do to get more comfortable?

Activity 5: You have a moment to write a letter to your family. Make a list of the things that you want to tell them about what is going on. Will you tell them everything that you are feeling or thinking? Why or why not? Then, write your letter to your family

Activity 5: As the captain, it is your job to reassure your men. How will you inspire confidence in your troops so that they will keep fighting?

World War I Trench Warfare Do the following for each of the slides Facts about Journal Entries Trench warfare

World War I Chapter 8, Section 2 Lesson: 3 America Enters the War

Activity 1: Create a time-line of events that led to the U.S. declaring war. List all reasons that impacted the decision of the U.S. to enter the war.

Activity 2 Imagine you are President Wilson addressing Congress and asking them for a declaration of war. Write a one-page speech which explains the reasons why the U.S. attempted to remain neutral, and why now it is necessary for the U.S. to enter the war. Use your book in section 2 to find specifics to use in your speech.

Activity: Read about “New weapons” and on pp 236-237 and create a T-chart which explains each weapon and how it affected the strategy and the fighting in WWI.

World War I Chapter 8, Section 3 Lesson 4: Americans in World War I Challenge: What are the objectives of war propaganda, and what tools are used to accomplish these goals?

Activity 1: Handout Card/Country Objectives of Poster Propaganda Tools Used in Poster A.

World War I Chapter 8, Section 3/4 Lesson 5: Moving Towards Peace Should individual freedom of speech be limited during wartime?

Activity 1: Read pp 252. Answer the question: Should individual freedom of speech be limited during wartime?

Activity 2: Class Notes President Wilson: Wilson thought international disputes should be resolved through negotiation and compromise, not war. - called for “peace without victory” - didn’t want to punish Germany too harshly - wanted to end secret agreements - freedom of the seas for all nations - free trade among nations - people should have freedom to create their own governments (self-determination) - wanted to establish a “League of Nations” to ensure peace

The European Powers The European Powers wanted Germany to take responsibility and be punished for the war. - wanted Germany to pay reparations (payment) for all war damage - wanted Germany to admit total blame for the war - wanted to limit the size of Germany’s armies and take possession of their naval fleet - wanted to divide up Germany’s colonial possessions - wanted to establish independent nations out of Austro-Hungarian empire (self-determination) - wanted to create buffer zones between Germany and France (Rhineland) Germany could have not troops in this area

World War I Chapter 8, Section 4 Lesson 6: The Treaty of Versailles Challenge: What is the difference between what the European Powers and President Wilson wanted in the peace treaty? What was the impact of World War I on the U.S. and the world?

Activity 2 Read about the Major Provisions of the Treaty of Versailles using your handout and pg 256 in your book. Then, explain which side, Wilson or European powers, had more of their demands met. Use specific examples to explain.

Activity 3 Create a chart which identifies the impact of World War I on the U.S and the world in each of the following areas: (use pg 258-259 in your book) Political Economic Social Europe

Activity 4: Read perspectives on Trench Warfare on pg 260-261. Answer questions 1-3 in your notebook.