TURKEY COUNTRY REPORT MUSTAFA HAKKI AYDOĞDU REGIONAL DIRECTORATE OF SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA PROJECT ADMINISTRATION

DEMOGRAPHICAL STRUCTURE POPULATIONPOPULATION (2000) (MILLION):67,8 GROWTH RATE PER ANNUM:1,8

LAND RESOURCES TOTALTOTAL AREA :78 mha ARABLEARABLE LAND :28 mha ECONOMICALLYECONOMICALLY IRRIGABALE LAND:8.5 mha AREAAREA UNDER IRRIGATION (GROSS):4.5mha

Source: SIS

Average Size of Parcels (decar) ( )

WATER RESOURCES ANNUAL PRECIPITATION :643 mm USEABLE SURFACE WATER:110 Billion m³/year USED SURFACE WATER:29.6 Billion m³/year ESEABLE UNDER GROUND WATER:12 Billion m³/year USED UNDER GROUND WATER:6 Billion m³/year

CTERIA OF WATER RICH EXISTING OF USEABLE WATER > m 3 /person Wa ter rich country There is no water problem Good management water Need strong precaution in water use <500 water poor country TURKEY : 1735 m 3 /y/per WORLD AVERAGE : 2150 m 3 /y/per Source:SPO

COUNTRY WATER POTANTIAL m 3 /person IRAQ2020 LEBANON1300 TURKEY1735 SYRIA1200 ASIA (average)3000 WESTERN EUROPE (average)5000 AFRICA(average)7000 WORLD2150 PER CAPITA USABLE WATER POTANTIAL Source:SPO

ACTUAL WATER CONSUMPTION IN TURKEY, Source: SPO

WATER CONSUMPTION TREND IN TURKEY, Source :SPO

CASE STUDY: SOUHTEASTERN ANATOLIA PROJECT (GAP)

SYRIAIRAQ TURKEY Black Sea

TURKEYGAPGAP/ TR Area (km 2 )780,00075,0009.7% Population (2000)67’840,0006’600,0009.7% Pop. Growth Rate per ann. (1985 – 1990) (1990 – 2000) 2.2 % 1.83 % 3.5 % 2.47 % GAP v. TURKEY

TURKEYGAPGAP/ TR Area (km 2 )780,00075,0009.7% Population (2000)67’840,0006’600,0009.7% Pop. Growth Rate per ann. (1985 – 1990) (1990 – 2000) 2.2 % 1.83 % 3.5 % 2.47 % GAP v. TURKEY

TOTAL AREA* GAP REGION 9.7% REST 90.3% ECONOMICALLY IRRIGABLE LAND* *PERCENT IN NATIONAL TOTAL GAP REGION 20.0% REST 80.0% Resources of GAP Land Potential of the GAP

EUPHRATES 17% E. MEDITERRA. 6% W. BLACK SEA 5% Other 46% ANTALYA 6% E. BLACK SEA 8% TIGRIS 11% Average Annual Flow in Billion m 3 9.9W. BLACK SEA E. MEDITERRA. ANTALYA E. BLACK SEA Other TIGRIS EUPHRATES Resources of GAP Water Supply by Drainage Basin

GAP Water Resources Development Projects Total of 22 dams, 19 HPP 1.7 million ha, 7474 MW, 27 billion kWh EUPHRATES RIVER 1.KARAKAYA Dam/HPP 2.Lower Euphrates 3.Border Euphrates 4.Suruc – Baziki 5.Adiyaman – Kahta 6.Adiyaman – Göksu – Araban 7.Gaziantep TIGRIS RIVER 1.Dicle - Kralkizi 2.Batman 3.Batman - Silvan 4.Garzan 5.Ilısu 6.Cizre

Interim Results of Development

215,080 ha In Operation 12% 179,066 ha Construction 10% 404,421 ha Design Completed 23% 962,438 ha Planning 55% Status of Irrigation Development AS OF END 2002

248 MW Construction 4 % 1440 MW Design Completed 19% 532 MW Planning 7% 5265 MW In Operation 70 % Status of Hydropower Development TOTAL : 7485 MW INSTALLED CAPACITY- AS OF END. 2002

SAMPLE AREA Since April 1995 Harran Plain 119,000 ha 18,405 land owners 112,088 people 107 villages

DEVELOPMENT OF HARRAN PLAIN IRRIGATION

Use of water 1.1 billion cubm Change of income 15 million $ 81 million $ 5.5 times # of labour 17,6 h/ha 57,1 h/ha 3,2 times person/day person/day BENEFIT OF IRRIGATION IN HARRAN PLAIN

TOTAL AGRICULTURAL VALUE ADDED TOTAL AGRICULTURAL VALUE ADDED Before Million$ / Year 40,000 (ha) 60,000 (ha) 30,000 (ha) 90,000 (ha) (ha) (ha) (ha) (ha)

AGRICULTURAL VALUE ADDED PER HECTAR Before $ / per hektar Optimal conditions $ 4,