Thinking Maps for Reading Comprehension

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Presentation transcript:

Thinking Maps for Reading Comprehension

Thinking Maps There are eight thinking processes that the brain performs when answering questions. Each thinking process translates into a thinking map. Cognitive indicators, or signal words, are located within a text or question and tells the reader which thought process is being utilized or tested.

Color Coding for Thinking Maps Circle Map- orange Tree Map- green Bubble Map- pink Flow Map- blue Double Bubble Map- purple Multi-Flow Map- red Bridge Map- brown Brace Map- black

Defining in Context AKA circle map The map is used to tell what something means. Cognitive indicators: context, context clues, list, define, tell, everything you know, brainstorm, identify, relate prior knowledge, tell, about, explore the meaning, discuss, means

Classifying AKA tree map The map categorizes information. Cognitive indicators: classify, sort, group, categorize, give sufficient and related details, types of, kinds of, list and elaborate, taxonomy, which, what

Describing AKA Bubble Map Used to describe a noun with adjectives Cognitive indicators: describe, use vivid language, observe using the 5 senses, describe feelings, attributes, characteristics, properties, adjectives, qualities Adj. Adj. Adj. Noun Adj. Adj. Adj. Adj. Adj.

Sequence AKA flow map Used to put things in order Cognitive indicators: sequence, put in order, order, recount, retell, what happens next, cycles, patterns, processes, change, beginning, end

Compare and Contrast AKA double bubble map This map gives similarities and differences between two nouns. Cognitive indicators: compare/contrast, discuss similarities/differences, distinguish between, differentiate, alike, in common, both, share, same, #1 #2

Cause and Effect AKA multi-flow map Used to explain what caused and event and/or the effects of that event. Cognitive indicators: causes and effects, discuss consequences, what would happen if, predict, change, identify motives, why, results, outcomes, benefits, because, reason, impact of, influence Event

Seeing Analogies AKA bridge map Used to show relationships Cognitive indicators: identify the common relationship, guess the rule, interpret symbols, simile, metaphor, allegory, ratio relating factor as

Part to Whole Relationships AKA brace map Used to show concepts and their parts Cognitive indicators: parts of, take apart, show structure, physical components, anatomy, types of, kinds of, label, plus, one, has

Patterns of Organization All writers brainstorm before writing. We want our writing to be logical and organized. There are several ways we can organize our writing. We will focus on: Compare and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem/ Solution Description/ List These organizational patterns can be determined by finding cognitive indicators within the text.

Author’s Purpose Author’s purpose is more than to explain, to inform, to entertain, to persuade, etc. The author’s purpose should be more specific and address the complete reason for writing the piece. Hint: This is more similar to the P in PAC we’ve been using to analyze our writing prompts.

Steps for Using Thinking Maps to Visualize Multiple Choice Questions Find the signal word in the question stem. Identify the thinking process and thinking map. Draw the thinking map. Set up the map using information from the question stem and the answer choices. Identify the source within the frame of reference. Search the text for evidence. Include textual evidence in the frame of reference. Evaluate the answer choices and the evidence.