Aim: How can we explain electrostatics? Do Now: Why is it that when you walk on a carpeted surface with socks on, this happens:

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Electric Charge Static Electricity

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Presentation transcript:

Aim: How can we explain electrostatics? Do Now: Why is it that when you walk on a carpeted surface with socks on, this happens:

Electrostatics The study of stationary charged particles

Charged Particles Elementary Particles: –Electron (-e)  negative charge –Proton (+e)  positive charge –Neutron  no charge Ion: a charged object that has lost or gained an electron

Like Signs 2 like signs experience a force of repulsion

Unlike Signs 2 unlike signs experience a force of attraction

Neutral Objects Neutral objects are attracted to charged objects Balloon Demo

Why does the balloon stick to the wall? Balloon (rubbed over hair) Wall (Neutral)

The charges in the wall separate

Induction The separation of charge without touching When a charged object is brought near a neutral object, the charges on the neutral object separate.

Pith Ball Demo Why are the pith balls attracted to the rod? Fun Fly Stick Demo

Electroscope Device to detect charges

Induction (negative rod – neutral electroscope) Demo Negative charges move towards bottom and leaves diverge

Induction (positive rod – neutral electroscope) Negative charges move towards top and leaves are now positive and diverge

Conductors Materials that allow charges to easily flow Ex: Metals Humans Air Water

Insulators Materials that do not easily allow charges to flow. Ex: Rubber Glass Wood Plastic

Conduction Transfer of charge by contact Only electrons are transferred (lost or gained)

Lightning Becomes very “negative” Becomes very “positive”

Pith Ball Demo Why do the pith balls repel? Charge is transferred (both are now negative)

Electroscope Demo Charge is transferred Electroscope is now negative The leaves repel

Grounding The process of connecting a body to Earth to eliminate excess charge.

No ground wireGround Wire

On dry days we tend to have more trouble with static electricity build-up than on humid (moist) days. Moist days there are more water molecules in the air to steal charge more rapidly. Dry days there are fewer particles in the air to steal charges so we accumulate charge until we touch something and get discharged (shocked).