ALDERIAN THERAPY INTRODUCTION PG. 108

ADLER BROKE WITH FREUD OVER b PANSEXUALISM b BIOLOGICAL (INSTINCTUAL) DETERMINISM

FREUD VS ADLER b BIOLOGICAL (ID) b DETERMINISTIC (PAST) b GOAL = PLEASURE b SOCIAL- PSYCHOLOGICAL (EGO) b TELEOLOGICAL (PRESENT/FUTURE GOALS) b GOAL = SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS

KEY CONCEPTS - PG 108 View of Human Nature - Personality Approach to life begins first 6 years based upon our perception of the past.

FREUD VS ADLER b SEXUAL URGES b DETERMINED BY PAST b UNCONSCIOUS b SOCIAL RELATEDNESS b PURPOSEFUL AND GOAL DIRECTED b CONSCIOUS

UNLIKE FREUD, ADLER STRESSES…... b CHOICE AND RESPONSIBILITY b MEANING IN LIFE b STRIVING FOR PERFECTION b PERFECTION, NOT PLEASURE, IN THE GOAL OF LIFE

INFERIORITY FEELING NORMAL AND THE SOURCE OF ALL STRIVINGS THE WELLSPRING OF CREATIVITY READ ADLER BIO ON PAGE 107

SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTION OF REALITY PG 109 Around age 6, each of us develops a unique world view of ourselves as complete/perfect to form our life goals. Adlerian’s try to understand the individual from this subjective (phenomenalogical) frame of reference.

UNITY AND PATTERNS OF HUMAN PERSONALITY - PG. 110 b Individual psychology states that we can only viewed holistically and systematically b Holistic - each individual is unique and cannot be understood by reducing them to constituent parts, e.g. Freud’s Id, Ego, Superego b Does any other theory try to do that?

Systemic Individual cannot be understood apart from their context, e.g. culture, family, era…..

Three points to remember in patterns……... b Behavior is purposeful and goal directed. Fictional finalism - refers to goal that guides a person’s behavior. b Strivings for significance and superiority are an innate part of our Mammalian heritage b Lifestyle - consist of people’s views about themselves and the world and their distinctive patterns as they pursue goals

Social Interest and Community Feeling - PG. 111 b Awareness of being part of the human community, i.e. a sense of empathy. Includes finding a place in society and even striving for a better future for humanity. b Individual Psychology asserts that our happiness and success are largely related to social connectedness.

Mosak’s 5 Life Tasks - PG. 112 b Relating to others (friendship) b Making a contribution (work) b Achieving intimacy (love and family relationships) b Getting along with ourselves (self-acceptance) b Developing our spiritual dimension (including values, meaning, life goals, and our relationship with the universe, or cosmos.)

Birth Order and Sibling Relationships b Oldest - Can be spoiled and controlling, but often dependable and hard-working, more conservative b Second - Always in a “race” to achieve. Often, opposite to the 1st born, and may achieve in another area. b Middle - Often feels squeezed out and is the peacemakers in the a conflict family.

Birth Order, cont……... b Youngest - Often pampered. Got their own way and sometime develops in a unique way. b Only Child - Have achievement goals similar to oldest, but often pampered.

THE THERAPEUTIC PROCESS PAGE 113

Therapeutic Process Therapeutic Goals - disclosing mistaken goals and family assumptions and reeducation toward the useful side of life, i.e. the adoption of behaviors/attitudes characterized by community feelings and social interest.

GOAL REEDUCATION OF THE DISCOURAGED, AIDED BY ENCOURAGEMENT, TO ENABLE THEM TO LIVE WITH COURAGE AS EQUAL IN SOCIETY

THERAPIST’S FUNCTION AND ROLE PG. 114 Collaborative, and equalitarian examination of client’s lifestyle, attempting to stay aligned with client’s goals. It involves an extensive lifestyle assessment,utilizing family constellation and early recollections. Collaborative, and equalitarian examination of client’s lifestyle, attempting to stay aligned with client’s goals. It involves an extensive lifestyle assessment, utilizing family constellation and early recollections.

CLIENT’S EXPERIENCE IN THERAPY PG. 115 Client is tasked to assess the private logic and it’s relationship to successful social living. The Client looks at 1) the purpose of the behavior and 2) the basic mistakes in their coping.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND CLIENT - PG. 115 b EQUALS b MUTUAL TRUST b ALIGNMENT OF GOALS b CLIENTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR CHOICES

APPLICATION THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES

PHASE 1: Establishing the Relationship b Caring and involvement resulting in goal alignment b Problems dealt within the context of the relationship

Example: b “What do you want me to know about you?” b RATHER THAN b “What is the problem today?”

PHASE 2: Exploring the Individual’s Dynamics PG. 118

THE SUBJECTIVE INTERVIEW b The client tells his/her story b The therapist listens with interest to the themes, patterns, and goals of the client

THE OBJECTIVE INTERVIEW A LIFESTYLE INVESTIGAION TO SEE HOW A PERSON COPES WITH LIFE TASKS.

The objective interview involves: b How problems in the client’s life began b Any precipitating events b A medical history, including current and past medications b A social history b The reasons the client chose therapy at this time b The person’s coping with life tasks b A lifestyle assessment

THE FAMILY CONSTELLATION PG. 120 b FAMILY ATMOSPHERE b BIRTH ORDER b PARENTAL RELATIONSHIPS AND FAMILY VALUES b EXTENDED FAMILY AND CULTURE

EARLY RECOLLECTIONS PG. 120 CONTAIN ESSENTIAL CONVICTIONS AND BASIC MISTAKES

PERSONAL PRIORITES PG. 121 b SUPERIORITY  ACCOMPISHMENTS  OVERBURDENED b CONTROL  MASTERY  SOCIAL DISTANCE b COMFORT  PAINLESSNESS  LOW PRODUCTIVITY b PLEASING  APPROVAL  SELF DENIAL

INTEGRATION AND SUMMARY PG. 122 INTEGRATED (INTERPRETIVE) SUMMARIES OF SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE INTERVIEWS. OFTEN IT IS READ ALOUD BY THE CLIENT.

MOSAK : BASIC COMMON MISTAKES b Overgeneralizations: “There is no fairness in the world.” b False or impossible goals: “I must please everyone if I am to feel loved.” b Misperceptions of life and life’s demands: “Life is so ver difficult for me.” b Denial of one’s basic worth: “I’m basically stupid, so why would anyone want anything to do with me?” b Faulty values: “I must get to the top, regardless of who gets hurt in the process.”

PHASE 3: Encouraging Self- Understanding and Insight PG. 123

INSIGHT Understanding the goals of behavior (And ultimately translating insight into action, Phase 4) Adlerians use interpretations as tentative, open-ended sharing to be explored in the sessions.

PHASE 4: Helping with Reorientation PG. 124

Action Orientation- Putting insight into actions b Encouragement - to build courage b Change and the search for new possiblities - “as if……” and commitment b Making a difference - Pragmatic array of techniques to create holistic change