CONFLICTS OF EMPIRE Filibusters Image: www.hitchcorner.com/alfred_hitch_covers.htm

What you already know: The Spanish tried to control Texas by building missions, presidios, and small towns When the French were no longer a threat, Spain lost interest in Texas This led to Spain facing new threats to its control of Texas and the rest of Mexico Image: Fehrenbach, T. R. Dr. Stanley Siegel, & David Crowley. LoneStar. Glenview: Prentice Hall, 2003.p 91. Image: Fehrenbach, T. R. Dr. Stanley Siegel, & David Crowley. LoneStar. Glenview: Prentice Hall, 2003. p 83.

Filibusters Spain's new Threat: People who began entering Texas from the United States Comes from the Spanish word filibusteros which means freebooters or adventurers Wanted Texas to become a separate country or a part of the United States Looked for adventure or easy wealth

Click on the picture to find out more - Father Miguel Hidalgo Jane Long Phil Nolan No Picture Available Marguis de Rubi www.texas.discodesigns.com/t exas/long/index.shtml :www.tamu.edu/ccbn/dewitt /chieftains.htm www.tamu.edu/ccbn/dewitt/filibusters.htm Jean Laffitte No Picture Available Henry Perry Antonio Gil Ybarbo Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara No Picture Available Dr. James Long Augustus Magee Willoughby, Larry. Texas. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2003, p 139 No Picture Available Louis St.Denis www.galveston.com/history/ Willoughby, Larry. Texas. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2003. p 135 Willoughby, Larry. Texas Our Texas. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1993. p161

Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara Traveled to the United States to raise money and support Father Hidalgo’s rebellion for Mexican independence Secretly supported by the United States Introduced to U. S. officer, Augustus William Magee Together they gathered 130 volunteers to form the Republican Army of the North

Augustus Magee Former lieutenant in the United States Army Passed over for a promotion , resigned and joined Gutierrez as Colonel Helped carry on the rebellion of Father Hidalgo Helped take over Nacogdoches and marched to La Bahia Died during the winter probably from disease

Margues de Rubi Set out to check northern areas of New Spain and found: Louisiana Purchase made Texas an outer part of New Spain Spain had neither the wealth nor the power to defend its missions Suggested all missions in Texas be abandoned except San Antonio and La Bahia Spain form working relations with Comanches Spanish settlers in East Texas should move closer to San Antonio for protection from other Indian tribes

Antonio Gil Ybarbo Pleaded for permission to lead homesick settlers to San Antonio Help build the town of Nacogdoches near an old mission site Image: Willoughby, Larry. Texas Our Texas. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1993. p155

Philip Nolan Mustang trader for the Spanish government Sold many wild horses or mustangs to the United States Suspected of being a spy working for General Wilkinson Warned not to return to Spanish land Ignored warning and returned with 100 soldiers Fought and was killed Image: Willoughby, Larry. Texas. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2003, p139

Father Miguel Hidalgo Priest who led a rebellion for independence for Spain Wanted to set up a new government Was executed His followers were defeated by the Spanish

Louis St. Denis Experienced explorer sent to find Father Hidalgo Built a trading post that grew into the town of Natchitoches, Louisiana Traveled to a Spanish mission along the Rio Grande to trade goods Arrested by Spanish commander Enjoyed his stay and later married the Commanders step-granddaughter

Jane Long Married to Dr. James Long Left with 6 year old daughter and 12 year old black servant at Fort near Galveston Soldiers vacated Fort and left Jane to fend for herself during the winter Believed to be the mother of the first white child born in Texas Called the “Mother of Texas” Fought off Karankawa Indians by firing Forts canon

Dr. James Long Believed Texas should be either independent or part of the United States Organized an army to invade Texas and captured Nacogdoches Traveled to Galveston to get Lafitte’s support Forced out of Texas but later marched to La Bahia Spanish forces attached and Long was forced to surrender Shot and died while waiting trial

Jean Laffitte Had been a pirate and smuggler in Louisiana Raided Spanish ships in the Gulf Claimed to be fighting for Mexican independence Was probably more interested in Spanish treasure Forced to leave the Gulf Continue to raid ships until his death

Henry Perry Member of Gutierrez-Magee expedition Gathered a force of 300 and established a base on Galveston Island Marched to La Bahia and demanded surrender of the Spanish garrison Spanish forces surrounded his group and Perry later died after being wounded