Article 1 SWBAT: Unit 6 – The US Government: 9. The student will explain and analyze the structure, important principles, and purpose of the US Constitution. A) Limited Government B) Federalism C) Rule of Law D) Popular Sovereignty E) Majority Rule & Minority Rights F) Due Process of Law G) Separation of Powers H) Voting Rights I) Checks and Balances K) Amendment Process 10. The student will compare/contrast the selected right and responsibilities of US citizens and determine how specific events will impact their lives today and other specified time periods in their lives. GLE’s: 2.1A, 2.2C Content Standards: SS 1, SS 3 Process Standards: 1.5, 1.8. 4.1, 4.2

** Article 1: Introduces the Legislative Branch **Major Job of Article 1: Make or Pass Laws Citizens choose representatives from their state to travel to Washington D.C. – these representatives make and pass the National or Federal Laws of our Nation Representative Senator

Article 1 – Section 1 Important things to know: Laws are passed by a majority The larger group of officials is the Majority The smaller group of officials is the Minority ** The legislative branch of our Federal Government is called Congress Congress is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate

Article 1 – Section 1 Intro Continued The House of Reps. And the Senate…… Congress begins its meetings on the 3rd day of January every odd-numbered year. The “meetings” are called terms. They last two years with a break or recess during the summer. Congress makes it own rules governing meetings…It can expel (or remove) a member by 2/3rd vote of the members. Privileges of Congressional Members: Can’t be arrested going to, coming from, or in a session; and can’t be arrested for anything said in Congress

to or during a session of Congress? Discuss Question: Is it just (fair) that a Congressman/woman cannot be arrested coming from, going to or during a session of Congress? Turn to your neighbor and discuss why you believe this was placed into our constitution. How might taking this piece out of the constitution affect how our government operates? Now lets poll Yes I believe this piece is just No I believe this piece in not just

Article 1 – Section 2 The House of Representatives The largest house of Congress ** 435 representatives in the House # of Representatives is based on a states population (1 representative for every 500,000 people) ** Term is for 2 years ** Requirements…. 1) 25 years old 2) Citizen of US for a least 7 years 3) Live in state from which s/he has been elected ** The Speaker of the House – is the leader or presiding official –THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE IS THE SECOND IN LINE TO TAKE OVER THE PRESIDENCE (behind the V.P) H of R has the sole power to begin impeachment proceedings against a government official. The house begins proceeding but the Senate carries out the trial.

Article 1 Section 2 The Senate Smaller of the 2 houses **100 members 6 year term **Requirements….1) at least 30 years old 2) citizen of US for 9 years 3) live in the state s/he represents ** Leader (or in charge) is the Vice President (only votes in the event of a tie) If VP absent – the president pro tempore becomes in charge. President Pro Tempore is 3rd in live for the Presidency Senate responsible for trial in case of impeachment

Discussion Question Which of the two houses of Congress has The most power? Turn to a new neighbor and discuss what you know regarding our government to decide which house (if any has the most power when it comes to running our country? Time to Poll The Senate The House of Reprentatives Neither

Article 1, Sections 5,6: Rights, Rules, and Privileges of Congress Quorum: (over half) required for a meeting to be held Expel: (remove) both houses may expel a member by 2/3 vote Congressional Record: Notes and minutes from sessions Both houses must meet in the same city at the same time Both houses are paid by the US government Both houses cannot be arrested come from or going to Congress, or anything said during Congress Only the house my introduce bills to raise money

Article 1 – Section 7: Bills Become Laws Bill: an idea that a member of Congress has that s/he would like to become a law Except for money, bills can begin in the House or the Senate

Article 1 – Section 7: Bills Become Laws How it works……Let’s say that Senator X has a bill to proclaim January 17th National Mrs. K Day. He takes his bill in written form to the fellow Senators , and it is given a code. If the Senators agree, the bill is passed over to the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives discuss the bill and vote on it. If they vote it down, it goes back the Senate for changes. If the Senate refuses to make changes, the bill dies. If changes are make and approved, the House must then vote on it again – if it passes, the bill given to the President. If the President agrees, he signs the it and bill becomes law. The bill can also become law if the President does not respond to it within 10 working days (and Congress is in session). If the President disagrees, he can veto the bill. And if the President does not sign the bill within 10 days after Congress adjourns, the bill dies. This is known as a pocket veto. --- Now, if the bill has been vetoed and Congress is still in session, the bill goes back to the house where it started, in our case, the Senate. If ** (2/3) two thirds of the Senate agrees with the bill, that is called overriding the President’s veto. Of the Senate votes to override the veto, then the House if Representatives must override it too (to become law).

Flow Chart of How a Bill Becomes a Law Teacher will demonstrate on the Board….students will finish creation of the flow chart.

Article 1 – Section 8: Powers of Congress Tax Borrow Money Regulate Commerce (Trade) Naturalization Coin Money Establish system of weights and measurements Postal Service ** Declare War Provide a Military Clause 18 --- Elastic Clause: Power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper to carry out it’s responsibilities

Types of Powers of Congress Enumerated (or Expressed) Powers: Specifically given to the Congress by the Constitution Ex. **The Power to Declare War Implied Powers: Powers given to Congress that are general. Ex. The power to run the post office Inherent Powers: Unlisted powers. Ex. Because the government must deal with foreign affairs – it has the power to deal with them as they arise, each situation may be different.

Discussion Question Which of the following (fictional scenarios) would be an example of an inherent power of Congress. The US has the opportunity to purchase the island of Cuba and our Congress believes this would be a justified addition to our nation so the island is purchased Congress passes a new no texting while driving policy to implement highway safety Congress raises taxes as a necessary means to sustain the current economy

Article 1 Section 9, 10: Limits on Congress Can’t outlaw slave trade until at least 1808 Habeaus Corpus: Congress can’t refuse you the right to be present before a judge Bills of Attainder: Congress can’t convict or punish a person without a trial Expost Facto Laws: Congress can’t punish a person for a crime if they committed it before it was a crime. Other can’ts….. Can’t tax products from a state, can’t give preference to any state’s seaport, can’t spend money without passing a law, can’t issue titles of nobility. State Governments can’t…make treaties with other countries, coin money, and can’t deny anyone their right of Habeaus Corpus, implement bills of attainer or impose expost facto laws

3 Types of Powers Delegated: Powers given to the National Government Concurrent: Shared powers between National Government and State Governments Reserved Powers: Powers given to the States

How many articles are listed in the Constitution? 10 27 28 32

2. What is the major duty of the Legislative Branch? Enforce Laws Judge Laws Make Laws Raise Taxes

3. What is another name for the Legislative Branch Of the US Government? House of Representative Senate Congress Supreme Court

The Speaker President pro tempore The Vice President The minority Whip 4. Who is the of leader of the House or Representatives? The Speaker President pro tempore The Vice President The minority Whip

5. How many representatives are there in the House of Representatives? 435 100 50 51

6. What are the 3 qualifications to be a representative? 1) 25 years old 2) Citizen of US for a least 7 years 3) Live in state from which s/he has been elected 1) 30 years old 2) Citizen of US for a least 7 years 3) Live in state from which s/he has been elected 1) 30 years old 2) Citizen of US for a least 10 years 3) Live in state from which s/he has been elected 1) 30 years old 2) Citizen of US for a least 9 years 3) Live in state from which s/he has been elected

7.What is the term of a representative? 4 years 2 years 6 years 1 year

8. How many senators are there in the Senate? 435 50 100 51

9.What is the term of a Senator? 4 years 2 years 1 year 6 years

10 .Who is given the power to declare war? The House Representatives The Senate Congress The President

11.What are the qualifications for US Senator? 1) at least 33 years old 2) citizen of US for 9 years 3) live in the state s/he represents 1) at least 30 years old 2) citizen of US for 7 years 3) live in the state s/he represents 1) at least 35 years old 2) citizen of US for 9 years 3) live in the state s/he represents 1) at least 30 years old 2) citizen of US for 9 years 3) live in the state s/he represents

12. Which of the following is a duty of Vice-Preside in the Senate? To argue a law To introduce a law To vote only in the event of a tie To keep order