Equality Policies. Men and Women in Spain TCA “With Another Look” Seminar CALIOPE: QUALITY AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN EMPLOYMENT POLICIES

Objectives To promote Equality To promote Equality To fight against Discrimination To fight against Discrimination

Empowerment Empowerment To value the social and economic presence of women Labour Market Labour Market Promotion of Equality Political participation Political participation Active citizenship Active citizenship Education Education

Education Women’s level of education evolution ( ) Illiterate72,8569,1968,50 High School Education46,9347,8850,26 Undergraduate Degrees30,5547,8150,35 Graduate DegreesNo data34,1133,39

Women Activity Rate27,734,241,25747,47 Employment Rate24,325,832,848- Unemployment Rate12,424,420,41512,22 Evolution of activity, employment, and unemployment in Spain ( ) Labour Market Men Activity Rate74,268,366,367,668,93 Employment Rate 66,360,260,062,2 - Unemployment Rate 10,611,99,58,06,81

Participation Government %50% Congress ,57%64% Senate ,35%74,9%

Judicial Power %10% Constitutional Court: President Other spaces: Women college/university professors ,07%34,25% University: 4 Chancellors out of 73 universities Presidents Vice-presidents Advisors Board secretaries 5,41% 2,56 2,88 0 0% 2,50 2,32 0 Other spaces: Women in IBEX 35 companies

Active Citizenship  Lobby, Women’s Councils  Women’s Associations (professionals, businesswomen, feminists)  Women’s networks

How Constitution 1978 Art. 4 Art. 9.2 Equality Organizations Action Plans (all levels) Equality Law Impact Law Framework Strategy Education Employment Mainstreaming Gender Units (Autonomous Region’s Governments and ministerial departments)

Fight against Discrimination Women under risk and exclusion situations Women under risk and exclusion situations  W ith disability  Inmigrants  Ethnic minorities  Heads of households  Violence victims  45 years and older  Long term unemployed, inmates, drug addicts, etc.

How Constitution 1978 Art. 4 Art. 9.2 Equality Organizations Action Plans (all levels) Violence Law Personal Autonomy Law Specific laws Framework Strategy Education Employment Social Policies Health Mainstreaming Introduction of a gender perspective in all cross curricula topics and specific topics.

EVOLUTION OF EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN POLICIES AND APPLICATION SPHERE INTERNATIONAL UNITED NATIONS EUROPEAN UNION SPAIN I WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN, MEXICO 1975 WOMEN’S DECADE II WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN, COPENHAGEN 1980 III WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN, NAIROBI 1985 I COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME CREATION OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN AND MEN 1983 CREATION OF THE INSTITUTE FOR WOMEN 1983 II COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME I PLAN FOR EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN IV WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN, BEIJING 1995 III COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME II PLAN FOR EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN UNITED NATIONS FULL SESSION BEIJING + 5 COMMUNITY FRAMEWORK STRATEGY ON GENDER EQUALITY III PLAN FOR EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN 1997 – 2000 UNITED NATIONS FULL SESSION BEIJING + 10 EUROPEAN INSTITUTE FOR GENDEER EQUALITY ROADMAP FOR THE EQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN IV PLAN FOR EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN 2001 – 2006 ORGANIC LAW ON EQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN BILL

EVOLUCIÓN DE LAS POLÍTICAS DE IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES ENTRE MUJERES Y HOMBRES Y ÁMBITO DE APLICACIÓN EN ESPAÑA CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION AUTONOMOUS REGION’S ADMINSTRATION LOCAL ADMINISTRATION CREACIÓN DEL INSTITUTO DE LA MUJER 1983 I PLAN PARA LA IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES PARA LAS MUJERES II PLAN PARA LA IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES PARA LAS MUJERES III PLAN PARA LA IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES ENTRE MUJERES Y HOMBRES 1997 – 2000 IV PLAN PARA LA IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES ENTRE MUJERES Y HOMBRES 2001 – 2006 SECRETARIA GENERAL DE POLÍTICAS DE IGUALDAD (2004) DELEGACIÓN DEL GOBIERNO CONTRA LA VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO (2205) ANTEPROYECTO DE LEY ORGANICA DE IGUALDAD ENTRE MUJERES Y HOMBRES GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES FOR GENDER EQUALITY: 1986-CANTABRIA LA RIOJA SECRETARIATS AND AGENCY FOR WOMEN’S PROMOTION GENERAL OR REGIONAL DIRECTORSHIP INSTITUTES FOR WOMEN. EQUALITY PLANS DEVELOPMENT EQUALITY LAWS (NAVARRA, CASTILLA AND LEON, VALENCIA, GALICIA, BASQUE COUNTRY) TRANSVERSAL GENDER UNITS: CANTABRIA, ANDALUSIA. DEPARTMENTAL GENDER UNITS: BASQUE COUNTRY. GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES FOR GENDER EQUALITY: WOMEN’S COUNCILS, OTHERS. (SINCE THE 90’S) EQUALITY PLANS DEVELOPMENT

Final Insights Equality impregnates the political class. Follow up process and instrument impact evaluation. Ideological differences in the discourse: different instruments. European sphere: tends to blur due to the concept of diversity.