Organization and Systems

Organization  Organization refers to a structure that allows easy management of related, or otherwise connected, items.

Consider Our Country  With over 300 million people living in the United States, how do we manage to keep order?

Consider Our Country  Our country is organized: Four regions 50 States Over 3,000 counties Over 35,000 cities and towns Over 300 million people

Consider Our Country  Our country is organized: We are one country, with one government, and one law of the land (Constitution). We are broken into regions and states where there are local laws to enforce the Constitution. We are further broken into counties and cities to enforce the local laws of the state. Each person is responsible for governing his/her own action according to all the laws.

Consider Your Trash  You produce about 5 Ibs of trash a day! 35 Ibs a week! 155 Ibs a month! 1,825 Ibs a year!  For a house with five people, that adds up to 9,125 Ibs each year!  How about everyone in your neighborhood and city?

Consider Your Trash  Discussion: Where does all the trash go? How is your city organized to dispose of all its trash?

Consider Your Body  Your body is also organized in an effective way to fulfill all of its life processes!

Consider Your Body  There are over 30 trillion cells in your body. Different sizes Different shapes Different functions Similar purpose: to maintain life

Consider Your Body  Cells- the basic building blocks of the body

Consider Your Body  Tissue- a group of similar cells working together

Consider Your Body  Organ- a group of similar tissues working together to perform a task

Consider Your Body  Organ System- a group of organs working together

Consider Your Body  Body- a group of organ systems working together to maintain life

Consider Your Body  The organization of the Human Body

Four Types of Tissues Covers all body surfaces Ex. Skin and lining of intestines Epithelial Causes body parts to move due to contractions Ex. Muscles in the heart, arms, and stomach Muscular Carries electrical messages through body to sense changes in the environment Ex. Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Nervous Bind structures together, provides support and protection Ex. Bones, fats, and blood Connective

Genesis 2:7 “And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being.” KJV

God Himself took the time to make us the way we are. He formed our bodies with all its parts. He designed them to meet all the needs of a living organism.

Psalm 139:13-14 Paraphrased You formed my inward parts. You weaved me in my mother’s womb. I will praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made. Wonderful are Your works.

Systems of The Human Body 1. Circulatory 2. Respiratory 3. Skeletal 4. Muscular 5. Digestive 6. Excretory 7. Integumentary (Skin) 8. Endocrine 9. Nervous 10. Immune 11. Reproductive

Circulatory System Your body’s transport system defined as the group of body parts that transports the blood throughout the body.

Circulatory System  Functions: Transport fuel to the body Transport waste to liver and kidney Transport cells to fight disease Transport hormones throughout body

Circulatory System  Organs: Heart ○ Pumps blood to body Arteries ○ Carries blood away from the heart Veins ○ Carries blood back to the heart Capillaries ○ Carries blood from arteries to cells to veins ○ Nutrients, gases, and wastes are exchanged between blood and tissues

Respiratory System The group of passages that exchange gases.

Respiratory System  Functions: To carry oxygen to the blood To carry carbon dioxide out of the body

Respiratory System  Organs: Lungs Nose Mouth Pharynx Trachea Bronchi Alveoli Diaphragm

Skeletal System The combination of your joints and connective tissues.

Skeletal System  Functions: To provide support and protection Allows for movement

Skeletal System  Organs and Tissues: Bones Ligaments Joints Cartilage

Muscular System The groups of tissues that make your body parts move.

Muscular System  Functions: Provides support and protection Allows for movement

Muscular System  Organs and Tissues: Smooth Muscle (Stomach wall) Skeletal Muscle (Arms, Legs, etc.) Cardiac Muscle (Heart)

Digestive System The organs that take in food and break it down into chemical forms that can be used by the body.

Digestive System  Functions: Digestion- the process in which food is broken down

Digestive System  Organs: Mouth (teeth, tongue) Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine

Excretory System The organs that excrete (get rid of) waste from the body.

Excretory System  Organs and Functions: The Large Intestine: excretes undigested food The Urinary Tract: excretes waste from blood Lungs: expel carbon dioxide

Integumentary System The organs that cover and protect your body.

Integumentary System  Function Provide protection Maintain body temperature Allow us to sense our environment

Integumentary System  Organs Skin Hair Nails Sweat and oil glands

Immune System The organs and tissues that fight off sickness and disease.

Immune System  Function To fight off intruders/infections

Immune System  Organs and Tissues Skin White blood cells Lymph Bone Marrow

Nervous System The organs and tissues that are sensitive to changes in the environment.

Nervous System  Function To sense and adjust to changes in the environment

Nervous System  Organs and Tissues Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Endocrine System The organs and tissues that produce hormones which control body functions

Endocrine System  Function To maintain homeostasis (an internal balance) by secreting hormones to send messages to cells via the blood

Endocrine System  Organs and Tissues Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Adrenal glands Pancreas

Reproductive System The organs and tissues that work to together to bring new life into the world

Reproductive System  Function To bring new life into the world

Reproductive System  Organs and Tissues Male and female reproductive organs