Reproduction
Broad Ligament suspends the female reproductive tract in the pelvic cavity has three portions
Ovary release ova- egg 50, ,000 potential eggs present at birth release hormones progesterone estrogen
Oviduct (fallopian tube) connect ovary to uterine horns
Oviduct three portions infundibulum ampulla isthmus
Oviduct ova remains in oviduct for 3-6 days 1/8 inch in diameter 20 cm. Long in a cow
Uterus passageway for sperm cells from cervix to oviduct produce histotroph - nourishes developing embryo until placenta forms expel fetus at parturition
Parturition birth
Uterus site of pregnancy
Cervix located between uterus and vagina forms a barrier between the internal and external environment thick walled, many ringed organ
Vagina point where urinary and reproductive tracts join receptacle for semen passageway for fetus
Vulva outer opening of reproductive tract
Clitoris sensory organ
Male Reproductive Tract Testes - male gonad located externally in scrotum except in birds produce sperm produce male hormone - testosterone
Scrotum thermal regulatory organ temperature control necessary for sperm production cannot occur at body temperature
Scrotum heat can cause infertility spermatogenesis - maturation of sperm cells - takes about 50 days
Epididymis days for the sperm cells to pass through the epididymis Functions - maturation of sperm cells storage of sperm cells
Vas Deferens passageway for sperm cells
Accessory Glands Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland Cowper’s gland
Accessory Glands Provide 95-98% of total ejaculate volume
Seminal Vesicles secrete fructose - energy source for sperm 40-80% of ejaculate volume
Prostate Gland secretes enzymes % of ejaculate volume
Cowper’s Gland cleanse and neutralize urethra keep sperm from dying
Urethra passageway for semen carries semen to the end of the penis
Retractor Muscle retracts penis pulls the penis back within the sheath
Sigmoid Flexor extends penis from the sheath
Penis deposits semen in the female reproductive tract
Sheath encloses the penis