HOMEOSTASIS: Respiratory & Circulatory System Essential Questions: What is Cellular Respiration? What is the function of our Circulatory System? How is the air we breathe used by all your cells? Essential Questions: What is Cellular Respiration? What is the function of our Circulatory System? How is the air we breathe used by all your cells?

What organelle performs cellular respiration? The Mitrochondria

Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration C 6 H 12 O  6CO 2 + 6H ATP Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy REACTANTS  PRODUCTS Reactant that is necessary for our body in cellular respiration = OXYGEN Product that is produced in cellular respiration that is toxic to our body and must be expelled =CARBON DIOXIDE

What is diffusion? The movement of particles/substance from a high concentration to low concentration over time. No energy needed.

Respiratory System Mouth Larynx Pluera Nasal Cavity Pharynx Diaphram Left Bronchus Right Bronchus Bronchioles Alveoli Trachea

Respiratory Order as Air Passes Through Nose  Pharynx  Trachea  Lungs  Bronchus  Bronchioles  Alveoli

What is the function of the LARYNX? Larynx = Voicebox, Allows us to swallow and breathe Composed primarily of muscles and cartilages that are bound together by elastic tissues

How does your body intake and expel air? Your DIAPHRAGM contracts to intake air and relaxes to expel air

Oxygen in transported in our body because of HEMOGLOBIN EXPLANATION The primary FUNCTION of HEMOGLOBIN (Hb) is to TRANSPORT OXYGEN HEMOGLOBIN is used because oxygen is not very water soluble so cannot be dissolved into blood very easily HEMOGLOBIN is a PROTEIN found in RED BLOOD CELLS HEMOGLOBIN contains IRON MOLECULE  The iron is the binding site for oxygen

Sickle Cell Disease Sickle cell disease is a genetic alteration that causes some hemoglobin molecules to be defective. Sickle Cells have low oxygen levels, they can become crescent or "sickle shaped”. SYMPTOMS: Severe pain. Anemia. Chest pain and difficulty breathing. Strokes. Joint pain and arthritis and bone infarctions. Blockage of blood flow in the spleen or liver. Severe infections.

Anemia = Low Hemoglobin Levels Red blood cell count or hemoglobin is less than normal. SYMPTOMS: feel tired, easily fatigued, appear pale, a feeling of heart racing, short of breath, and/or worsening of heart problems. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency and the leading cause of anemia in the United States.

High Levels of Hemoglobin High hemoglobin count may occur because: 1.Poor heart or lung function. 2.Your red blood cell production increases to compensate for a limited oxygen supply in higher altitudes. 3.You smoke. Specific disorders or other factors that may cause high hemoglobin count include: COPD Dehydration Emphysema Heart failure Kidney cancer Liver cancer

Gas Exchange Diagram = BODY CELLS ARTERY = AWAY FROM HEART (AA) VEINS=TOWARDS HEART HIGH O2 LOW O2

DIFFUSION OF O 2 & CO 2 RESPIRATION VIDEO: O2 diffusing from the alveoli into the blood & CO2 from the blood into the alveoli. **Diffusion requires a concentration gradient** Substance always flows from high concentration to low concentration. We do this, of course, by breathing - continuously bringing fresh air (with lots of O2 & little CO2) into the lungs & the alveoli.

HOMEOSTASIS DEFINITION The ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal environment when dealing with external changes  JUST LIKE OSMOSIS JONES!! In humans, homeostasis happens when the body regulates body temperature in an effort to maintain an internal temperature around 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. For example, we sweat to cool off during the hot summer days, and we shiver to produce heat during the cold winter season.

What are the lungs job? 1. Bring oxygen-rich air into your body 2. Get rid of a cellular waste product called carbon dioxide

What is the Circulatory System? MAIN FUNCTION: Transporting materials throughout the entire body to your billions of body cells. Materials = nutrients, water, and oxygen ANOTHER FUNCTION: Carries away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells produce. PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: 1. The Heart 2. The Blood 3. The Blood Vessels

Circulatory System ARTERIES = AWAY FROM HEART Oxygen Rich VEINS=TOWARDS HEART OXYGEN POOR

AMAZING FACTS You have thousands of miles of blood vessels in your body. "Bill Nye the Science Guy" claims that you could wrap your blood vessels around the equator TWICE! Keep your heart healthy...it's going to have to beat about 3 BILLION times during your lifetime!

ANATOMY OF YOUR HEART Septum

DIFFUSION OF O 2 & CO 2 REPEAT…. O2 diffusing from the alveoli into the blood & CO2 from the blood into the alveoli. **Diffusion requires a concentration gradient** Substance always flows from high concentration to low concentration. We do this, of course, by breathing - continuously bringing fresh air (with lots of O2 & little CO2) into the lungs & the alveoli.