Turbulent Centuries in Africa

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Presentation transcript:

Turbulent Centuries in Africa Describe how the Portuguese established footholds on Africa’s coasts. Analyze how European actions affected the slave trade and the rise of African states. Understand how European presence in Africa expanded.

Africa’s Geography didn’t make exploration easy! Desert Etc!! Jungle High Elevation Desert Mountains

Portugal established Trading Posts Small ports to trade and get supplies. Forts and small numbers of people. No intent to stay so no strong imprint when they left!

“Slave” from the Slavic people who were taken as unpaid workers in Roman times… “Slaves” had been defeated foes… Most major peoples had some form of “slavery.” The New World of the Americas required workers—lots of them. Captured Africans were an easy source.

African rulers captured enemies and traded them to the Europeans For 300 years it developed into a very profitable business. These people slowly became “property” and the long journey to the Americas made it impossible to escape their fate

Some African Leaders tried to stop it But the power of the movement was too strong to stop. Not even Christianity could make a difference. King Affonso I of Kongo The Almany of Futa Toro attempted to stop the trade across their lands. The Europeans just went around.

A New Africa Begins Some nations disappeared Some nations grew rich and powerful. Nations began to war with another

Osei Tutu unifies the Asante Kingdom.

The Africans became forces to be dealt with… Osei Tutu claimed divine “right” and that the people had a spiritual link. Promoted people on merit Supervised an effective bureaucracy. Government controlled mining and the slave trade. He played the Europeans against one another to benefit the country!

The Oyo Empire also grew rich from the slave trade with Europeans The Oyo became very powerful militarily. (which added to their slaves to sell.)

The Europeans Expand in Africa The Dutch settle Cape Town The Boers saw themselves as “chosen ones” (Calvinists) so saw the native Africans as inferior. Superior military power overcame the natives. The French settled along the Gold Coast. The British began to look “into” Africa (for the source of the Nile) and exploration would begin…

Portuguese expel Arabs and take over E Africa Trade Network Europeans rely on African rulers and traders to seize captives and bring them to trading posts and forts. Oyo empire arises from successive waves of settlement by Yoruba people. Portuguese expel Arabs and take over E Africa Trade Network Some African leaders, such as Affonso I try to stop the slave trade.