AFTER the French and Indian War (Seven Years’ War in Europe) 1763-1775 NOTES Toward Revolution: What eventually led to the Declaration of Independence and the beginning of the Revolutionary War? 1763-1775 AFTER the French and Indian War (Seven Years’ War in Europe)

(French and Indian War) 1763-1775 NOTES (Revolutionary War) (French and Indian War) (Queen Anne’s War) (King George’s War) (King William’s War) War of the League of Augsburg, 1689-1697 (Colonial Name) Figure 5.1 The Growing Power of the British State (p. 137)

Britain helped colonists defeat French in war 1763-1775 NOTES French and Indian War Britain helped colonists defeat French in war Britain needed money to pay for war expenses Taxed colonists, restricted settlements and limited self-govt.

1763-1775 NOTES Map 5.3 British Troop Deployments, 1763–1775 (p. 148)

Revenue Act (Sugar Act) 1764 1763-1775 NOTES Revenue Act (Sugar Act) 1764 Revenue Act of 1764 (Sugar Act) April 5, 1764 Revised duties on sugar, tea, coffee, wine; expanded jurisdiction of some courts. Protests about taxation

1763-1775 NOTES George Grenville, Architect of the Stamp Act (p. 139) The Earl of Halifax, Garrowby, Yorkshire.

1763-1775 NOTES The Stamp Act (p. 139) Library of Congress.

Stamp Act of 1765 Stamp Act March 22, 1765 thru March 18, 1766 1763-1775 NOTES Stamp Act of 1765 Stamp Act March 22, 1765 thru March 18, 1766 Documents must contain a revenue stamp to be legal. All deeds, wills, marriage licenses, even newspapers affected.

1763-1775 NOTES 5_3.jpg The Pennsylvania Journal protests the Stamp Act / The Historical Society of Pennsylvania

Quartering Act of 1765 Quartering Act March 24, 1765 1763-1775 NOTES Quartering Act of 1765 Quartering Act March 24, 1765 British troops must be given housing on demand from colonists. New York Assembly punished for not complying. King could not house troops in subjects homes in England Permitted to do so in the colonies.

Declaratory Act of 1766 Declaratory Act March 18, 1766 1763-1775 NOTES Declaratory Act of 1766 Declaratory Act March 18, 1766 Parliament declares sovereignty over colonies in all cases. Enacted on the same day that Parliament repealed the Stamp Act Positioning so England wouldn’t lose face for giving in to the colonies.

Townshend Acts Townshend Acts 1763-1775 NOTES Townshend Acts Townshend Acts June 26, 29, July 2, 1767; repealed April 12, 1770 (some texts list a March date. This is wrong) except for tax on tea. Includes duties on new items including tea, glass and other goods available in the Western Hemisphere

Parliamentary Acts…. 1763-1775 NOTES

Various protests: Patrick Henry’s speech Sons and Daughters of Liberty 1763-1775 NOTES Various protests: Benjamin Franklin’s visit to Parliament Boston Massacre Patrick Henry’s speech Sons and Daughters of Liberty

Samuel Adams 1763-1775 NOTES

1763-1775 NOTES 5_5.jpg Samuel Adams / Deposited by the City of Boston, Courtesy of the Museum of Fine Arts Boston

1763-1775 NOTES 5_4.jpg Paul Revere's engraving of the Boston Massacre / Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Collection, LC-USZC4-4600

The Boston Massacre 1763-1775 NOTES

1763-1775 NOTES Map 5.3 British Troop Deployments, 1763–1775 (p. 148)

1763-1775 NOTES Tea Act of 1773 May 10, 1773 The British East India Tea Company (near bankruptcy) granted sole right to sell tea directly to Americans; some duties on tea reduced Tea was a popular drink throughout the colonies. Since 1770, tensions reduced between the countries, but the Tea Act led to resumption of tensions. Committees of Correspondence denounced the plan Endangered colonial representative government Dec. 16, 1773, Boston Tea Party

Boston Tea Party Lower price on British tea Colonists still pay taxes 1763-1775 NOTES Boston Tea Party Lower price on British tea Colonists still pay taxes Boycotted British tea Sons of Liberty dressed in disguise and dumped British tea overboard

1763-1775 NOTES The Boston “Tea Party” (p. 153) Library of Congress.

1763-1775 NOTES 5_10.jpg Boston Tea Party

Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts) 1774 1763-1775 NOTES March-June, 1774 1. Boston Port Bill 2. Massachusetts Government Act (May 20) 3. Quebec Act (May 20) 4. Quartering Act (updated and extended to include public buildings)

1763-1775 NOTES Map 5.3 British Troop Deployments, 1763–1775 (p. 148)

1763-1775 NOTES Boston Port Bill Boston Port Bill (June 1), The Royal Navy blockades the Boston Harbor so no colonial goods could be sent out until tea was paid for.

Massachusetts Government Act 1763-1775 NOTES Massachusetts Government Act Massachusetts Government Act (May 20) Revoked Mass colonial charter The King assigned British General Gage to be Massachusetts governor. restructured Mass. Government = less democratic Banned holding of more than one town meeting per year

Quebec Act Re-established Canadian borders. 1763-1775 NOTES Quebec Act Re-established Canadian borders. Re-drew the qualifications for officeholders. British colonists objected to pro-French Canadian, pro-Catholic legislation.

1763-1775 NOTES Map 5.4 British Western Policy, 1763–1774 (p. 151)

Net Effect of the Intolerable Acts 1763-1775 NOTES Net Effect of the Intolerable Acts Convinced people in all colonies that British were out to destroy representative government and civil liberties in America. Virginia rallied to side of Massachusetts Convening of First Continental Congress (September, 1774)

Figure 5.2 Trade as a Political Weapon, 1763-1776 (p. 149) 1763-1775 NOTES Figure 5.2 Trade as a Political Weapon, 1763-1776 (p. 149)

First Continental Congress: 1774 1763-1775 NOTES First Continental Congress: 1774 • All colonies except Georgia sent delegates to Philadelphia, Sept. 1774. Suffolk Resolves: advised colonials to arm themselves against attacks by royal troops

Rights and Resolves 1763-1775 NOTES

Conflict at Lexington and Concord 1763-1775 NOTES Conflict at Lexington and Concord British General Gage learns of hidden weapons in Concord Two lanterns hung in church tower to warn the British coming by “sea” (Charles River) Paul Revere and William Dawes make midnight ride to warn Minutemen of approaching British soldiers

British Troops Occupy Concord (p. 132) Courtesy, Concord Museum. 1763-1775 NOTES British Troops Occupy Concord (p. 132) Courtesy, Concord Museum.

1763-1775 NOTES 5_16.jpg Paul Revere

1763-1775 NOTES 5_18.jpg Minute Men (I)

1763-1775 NOTES The Revolution Begins 250 British casualties vs. less than 100 colonists’ casualties April 18, 1775 “Shot heard round the world” Lexington Redcoats Concord April 19, 1775 Where muskets of militia members were believed to be stored Paul Revere and William Dawes

1763-1775 NOTES page209.jpg Map: Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775

1763-1775 NOTES 5_20.jpg Minute Men (II)

Second Continental Congress: 1775 1763-1775 NOTES Second Continental Congress: 1775 Representatives brought money to help establish the… Continental Army (i.e. pay soldiers, buy guns, bullets, food, and uniforms

The Olive Branch Petition 1763-1775 NOTES The Olive Branch Petition Most colonial delegates still hoped for reconciliation and offered the Olive Branch Petition to George III Olive Branch Petition: Cease fire at Boston Repeal of the Coercive Acts Negotiations to establish American Rights British ignored this and declared colonists in rebellion Dec. 1775

Thomas Paine: Common Sense (1776) 1763-1775 NOTES Thomas Paine: Common Sense (1776) Paine's political pamphlet brought the rising revolutionary sentiment into sharp focus Placed blame for the suffering of the colonies directly on the reigning British monarch, George III. Common Sense advocated an immediate declaration of independence, postulating a special moral obligation of America to the rest of the world. (www.earlyamerica.com)

Declaring Independence Who was involved? 1763-1775 NOTES Declaring Independence Who was involved? Benjamin Franklin John Adams Robert R. Livingston Roger Sherman Thomas Jefferson