THE UNITED IRISHMEN AND The 1798 Rebellion 2 nd Year History

Background and causes Irish Parliament controlled by Protestant Ascendancy (C of I only 15% and most of the land) Penal laws left Catholics poor and uneducated. Tithes still had to be paid. The influence of the American and French revolutions

The Society of United Irishmen Wolfe Tone (Dublin, Anglican Trinity barrister admired French Rev)Wolfe Tone (Dublin, Anglican Trinity barrister admired French Rev) 1791 Tone and Belfast Presbyterians formed the UI1791 Tone and Belfast Presbyterians formed the UI Aim: Catholic and Protestant together would end British interference in IrelandAim: Catholic and Protestant together would end British interference in Ireland 1793 War with France. British Gov afraid of Ireland. The UI was banned. Now a rebellion and a republic was the only way.1793 War with France. British Gov afraid of Ireland. The UI was banned. Now a rebellion and a republic was the only way. Tone escaped to America and then to France to get help.Tone escaped to America and then to France to get help General Hoche and Bantry Bay storms: British tipped off about rebellion.1796 General Hoche and Bantry Bay storms: British tipped off about rebellion.

The Society of United Irishmen

The Rising General Lake’s repression in Ulster and Leinster.General Lake’s repression in Ulster and Leinster. House burning flogging, pitch capping and half hangingHouse burning flogging, pitch capping and half hanging

Walking Gallows Lieutenant 'Walking Gallows' Hempenstall was in charge of suppressing the 'United Irishmen prior to the rebellion of A 'Goliath in stature', if he met a peasant he didn't like he poleaxed him with a blow of his fist, put a rope around his neck and hung him off his back, 'tongue protruding, until death at last put an end to the torture'. At a later inquiry the infamous judge,Lord Norbury, complimented him as having done no act, 'which was not natural to a zealous, loyal and efficient English officer.' In 1800 he was afflicted with morbus pedicularis and his body literally devoured by vermin. After twenty one days suffering, he died in excruciating agony.

Lord Edward Fitzgerald Spies and informers led to the arrest of the leaders, including Lord Edward Fitzgerald The Rising in Dublin and the surrounding counties was easily put down

Wexford: The Main Rebellion Actions of Yeomen (part-time) and Militia (full-time) provoked rising.Actions of Yeomen (part-time) and Militia (full-time) provoked rising. Father Murphy won at Oulart Hill, Enniscorthy and freed Bagenal Harvey in WexfordFather Murphy won at Oulart Hill, Enniscorthy and freed Bagenal Harvey in Wexford Important defeat at New RossImportant defeat at New Ross Atrocity at ScullabogueAtrocity at Scullabogue Final defeat at Vinegar Hill.Final defeat at Vinegar Hill.

Ulster: Henry Joy McCracken defeated in Antrim Henry Munro defeated in Down.

The End: Results Tone arrived in Lough Swilly. Sentenced to hang and committed suicideTone arrived in Lough Swilly. Sentenced to hang and committed suicide 30,000 dead30,000 dead Bitterness against BritishBitterness against British Bitterness between Catholics and Protestant.Bitterness between Catholics and Protestant. Further Rebellions (Robert Emmett)Further Rebellions (Robert Emmett) The Act of Union 1800The Act of Union 1800