Office Ergonomics- A guide to prevent Musculo-skeletal Injuries Dr Prabhat Lakkireddi M.S.Ortho, MRCS (UK), FRCS Orthopaedics (UK) Consultant- Revision Joint Replacement & Sports Injuries Surgeon Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills Queries- Mob: ,

 “The science of fitting the job to the worker”  Ergo: Work  Nomics: Study of Ergonomics Queries- Mob: ,

What are the benefits of ergonomics? Reduction of work-related injuries Increased worker productivity Increased work quality Reduced absenteeism Increased morale Ergonomics provides a win-win situation…..on and off the job YOU JUST FEEL BETTER! Queries- Mob: ,

Who ’ s At Risk?  Nearly everyone, but women report more incidents of discomfort  Low motivation  Poor workstation design  Pregnant  Obese  Lack general physical capabilities, such as strength  People who feel as if they lack control over work pace, environment, and communication Queries- Mob: , 4

 Working in awkward postures / positions  Prolonged sitting and standing  Bending, reaching, stretching  Driving for extended periods of time  Heavy lifting  Awkward lifting  Lifting in combination with twisting  Pushing, pulling, carrying  Accidents, slips, trips, falls  Vibration Job Risk Factors Queries- Mob: ,

RESULTING INJURIES ARE CALLED:  Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD), Or  Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI), Or  Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) Queries- Mob: ,

2) Dynamic work What two elements are at work? 1)Static work: musculoskeletal effort required to hold a certain position, even a comfortable one. Example: sit & work at computers; keeping head and torso upright requires small or great amounts of static work depending on the efficiency of the body positions we chose. Muscles fatigue faster when they are held in one position. Queries- Mob: ,

Static muscle contraction Muscle tense Blood flow is reduced INJURY/ DISABILITY Muscle nutrition is reduced Muscle Pain & fatigue Waste products (lactic acid) build up How injuries occur? Queries- Mob: ,

 Key issue is recovery time - the time required for tissue to restore nutrition, replace cells, dissipate byproducts - rest breaks  Some newer research demonstrates that repetition is significantly less of a problem vs. posture A word on repetition Queries- Mob: ,

SYMPTOMS OF MSD  Muscle fatigue or pain  Aching  Burning  Numbness  Stiffness  Tingling Queries- Mob: ,

SIGNS OF MSD  Decreased range of motion  Loss of function  Deformity  Cramping  Loss of color  Decreased grip strength  Loss of balance  Swelling  Redness Queries- Mob: ,

Adaptation vs. Injury the fork in the road…  Adapt  Soft tissue remodels  More strength  More stability  More endurance  Discomfort decreases  Injury  Soft tissue breaks down  Less strength  Less stability  Less tolerance for use  Discomfort increases French & Zecha, 2005 Queries- Mob: ,

MORE FREQUENTLY OCCURRING OCCUPATIONALLY INDUCED DISORDERS: Hand problems-  nerve pinch or nerve entrapment  Triggering of fingers Neck and back problems  Spondylitis  Tingling in fingers and toes Knee problems  Meniscal tear  Cartilage damage  ACL rupture Queries- Mob: ,

CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME One of the best known MSDs The median nerve does not work properly due to pressure on the nerve as it runs through an opening called the carpel tunnel Numbness is usually first symptom. Pain & tingling, can go up the arm to the shoulder and neck, causing waking to pain in middle of night Queries- Mob: ,

GUYON ’ S CANAL SYNDROME Similar to carpel tunnel Guyon’s affects the ulnar nerve as it passes through the Guyon canal in the wrist; this is similar to carpal tunnel, but involves a different nerve. Unlike carpel tunnel, Guyon’s affects the little and ring fingers. Can be in conjunction with carpal tunnel Queries- Mob: ,

TRIGGER FINGER Trigger finger affects the ability of tendons to slip back and forth. The tendon and/or ligament thicken and a nodule forms This can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis, lacerations of tendon, gripping power tools, long hours of grasping steering wheel, or birth defects Symptoms are pain and a funny clicking sensation Queries- Mob: ,

TENNIS ELBOW Overuse or misuse of the forearm muscles can cause tendonitis, or a painful inflammation of the tendons connecting these muscles to bone. This condition is brought on or aggravated by poor leverage causing an uneven distribution of force on a few muscles. This may be when working, or during certain leisure activities, such as sports and gardening. Symptom are severe pain. Queries- Mob: ,

 General joint stiffness  Acute strains and sprains  Degenerative disk disease  Bulging disc  Herniated disc  Osteoarthritis Common Back Disorders Queries- Mob: ,

Keyhole ACL reconstruction Queries- Mob: ,

Keyhole Cartilage transplantation 1 st stage cartilage harvest Queries- Mob: ,

2 nd stage Cartilage implantation Queries- Mob: ,

Mini Knee: MIKRS Queries- Mob: ,

Mini Knee Queries- Mob: ,

Don’t worry- we the Apollo family will take care Prevention is better than Cure Queries- Mob: , 24

POSTURE Queries- Mob: ,

Load & leverage Think about posture Forward head Sitting Reaching Posture check: reaching & bending it ’ s all connected and it ’ s all about physics… Queries- Mob: ,

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POSTURE & ANGLES Queries- Mob: ,

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Posture check Increased stress, decreased circulation… Higher riskLower risk Queries- Mob: ,

BODY ANGLES  HEAD  SHOULDERS  ELBOWS  HANDS  WAIST  LEGS  FEET Queries- Mob: ,

SITTING POSTURES Queries- Mob: ,

MORE ANGLES… Queries- Mob: ,

MORE ANGLES… Queries- Mob: ,

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EXERCISES & STRETCHES These are exercises or stretches that can be performed at your workstation, home, just about anywhere. Queries- Mob: ,

EYE  Eye comfort exercises  Blinking  Yawning  Focus change Queries- Mob: ,

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NECK STRETCH  Tilt ear towards shoulder  Reach up and touch top of head with palm to hold in tilted position  Hold 5-10 seconds. Repeat 2-3 times (come out of stretch slowly)  Reverse side and repeat Queries- Mob: ,

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Office of Horrors Queries- Mob: ,

Ideal Office Queries- Mob: ,

An ounce of Prevention is worth a pound of cure ! Queries- Mob: , 51