10 September 2014 Siyi Xu ESO Fellow (Garching) Elemental Compositions of Extrasolar Planetesimals.

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Presentation transcript:

10 September 2014 Siyi Xu ESO Fellow (Garching) Elemental Compositions of Extrasolar Planetesimals

10 September 2014 Thanks to all my collaborators… Michael JuraBen Zuckerman Beth KleinDetlev Koester (Poster DD-2)

(i) Nebular Condensation * 94% O, Fe, Si, Mg * % C (ii) Differentiation Is Earth normal? Earth as we know… Fe Si, Mg Mg

Wesemael+1993 Typical white dwarf spectra:

Evidence I: 25-50% WDs show heavy elements in the atmospheres. There must be some external source constantly feeding the WDs! Gaensicke, Koester+2012

Evidence II: ~4% single WDs show infrared excess from an orbiting dust disk.

High-resolution spectroscopic studies of heavy-element-enriched white dwarfs uniquely measure the bulk compositions of extrasolar planetesimals.

Keck/HIRES Spectra Xu+ 2014

HST/COS Spectra Xu PG

Planetesimals Accreted onto WDs: mass g 19 heavy elements detected C, S, O, Na, Cu, Mn, P, Cr, Si, Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, V, Sr, Ca, Ti, Al, Sc

The compositions of extrasolar planetesimals resemble bulk earth. Xu+ 2014

Core/Crust Differentiation and collision is common among extrasolar planetesimals log n(Fe)/n(Si) log n(Mg)/n(Si) Jura & Young 2014

A pilot search for extrasolar plate tectonics Earth’s continental crust is enriched in incompatible elements, e.g. Ba, Sr.. Jura less than 1% material is from continental crust GD 362

Heavy-element-enriched WDs are a powerful tool to study compositions of extrasolar planetesimals Extrasolar planetesimals resemble bulk Earth –Dominated by O,Mg, Si, Fe, very little C –Differentiation and collision is widespread Thank you! Summary

Back Up Slides

GD 362: the best match solar system analog is mesosiderite Condensation Temperature volatilerefractory