Royal Art as Political Message in Ancient Mesopotamia Catherine P. Foster UC Berkeley
Jordan Iraq Iran Syria Turkey Saudi Arabia Armenia and Azerbaijan Egypt Israel Lebanon Mesopotamia: “land between the rivers”
“Warka Stele/a” 80 cm in height
“Warka Stele/a” 80 cm in height ‘Priest-King’
“Victory Stele of Naram-Sin” 2 meters in height Originally erected in the ancient city of Sippar
“Statues of Gudea” 2,100 BCE Emphasis was piety
Temple Eninnu Ningirsu
Old Babylonian Period 1700 BCE Hammurabi Ruled from Babylon
“Code of Hammurabi” 2.5 meters in height Currently on display at the Louvre in Paris 282 sections Lex talionis = “Eye for an Eye”
Shamash, god of Justice “Rod and ring” of kingship
“Code of Hammurabi” 2.5 meters in height Currently on display at the Louvre in Paris 282 sections Lex talionis = “Eye for an Eye” “ … to cause justice to prevail in the land, to destroy the wickedness and evil, that the strong may not oppress the weak”
Neo-Assyrian Period 1000 – 750 BCE Expansion Orthostats
“Lion Hunt” scenes Ashurnasirpal II
Ashurbanipal
Ashurnasirpal II
Sennacherib
Tiglath-Pileser III
Ashurbanipal
Persian Empire Last great empire of the ancient Near East before the coming of Alexander the Great in 331 BCE Persepolis
“Gateway of All Lands”
Royal Art as Political Message