From Gene to Protein Chapter 17 Louise Paquin McDaniel College Questions prepared by Louise Paquin McDaniel College

Product The final product of an expressed gene can be which of the following? Find all of the correct choices. mRNA tRNA rRNA polypeptide

Replication, Transcription, Translation Of the following, which pertain to replication, transcription, modification, or translation? Each can be used once or more than once. origin stop codon peptide bond P site GTP amino acid synthetase anticodon promoter terminator sequence tRNA spliceosome

For each one, be sure to indicate 5′ and 3′ ends. Complementarity The template strand of a given gene includes the sequence 3′-G C C A C G T A T C A G-5′. What is the sequence of the nontemplate strand? What is the mRNA sequence made? For each one, be sure to indicate 5′ and 3′ ends.

Gene Expression Which of the following is the best example of gene expression? A frog adapts to variation in its environmental temperature. Mouse fur color results from pigment formed by gene-encoded enzymes. DNA is replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle. The percent of A versus a alleles in a population is altered by natural selection. Mutation alters the sequence of a region of DNA. Answer: b

Genetic Code These examples demonstrate the ability of genes from one species to be expressed in a different species. This is possible because of which property of the genetic code? Answer: near universality

Transcription Describe what is occurring at each of the stages of transcription (1, 2, 3 in the figure). How does each stage move the process forward?

Eukaryotic Promoters What components form the transcription complex at a eukaryotic promoter? Answer: TATA box, start point, template, transcription factors, RNA polymerase

Modification How and where are modifications made to eukaryotic mRNA before it goes to the cytosol? What role do snRNPs play?

Ribosomes What is represented at each of the lettered sites, and what occurs at each of these sites during translation?

tRNA On this model of a tRNA molecule, identify each of the following: 5′ and 3′ ends hydrogen bonds unpaired regions anticodon loop binding site for amino acid Answer: See Figure 17.15

Charging tRNA Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme whose function is to ___________. To do so, it binds a molecule of amino acid and a molecule of ___________. After dephosphorylation, which two molecules are joined? For the appropriate tRNA to be joined to the amino acid, what must occur?