The Physics of Rubber Bands. What do rubber bands and springs have in common?

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Presentation transcript:

The Physics of Rubber Bands

What do rubber bands and springs have in common?

Exert a restoring force proportional to the displacement from equilibrium

How are they different? D

Rubber breaks cleanly

How are they different? Rubber breaks cleanly Spring-like nature not destroyed by overextension

How are they different? Rubber breaks cleanly Spring-like nature not destroyed by overextension Temperature changes with extension/relaxation D

Why does rubber behave as it does?

S

Other examples of random motion

Scent expanding in air (gaseous mixture)

Other examples of random motion Scent expanding in air (gaseous mixture) Food coloring expanding in water (aqueous mixture)

Characteristics of random motion

Random motion will lead to the most probable state D

Characteristics of random motion Random motion will lead to the most probable state The rate of random motion is temperature dependent D

Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed?

When rubber is relaxed it has lots of internal freedom

Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? When rubber is stretched it has limited internal freedom

Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Stretching a rubber band restricts the random rotations

Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Stretching a rubber band restricts the random rotations The energy that was involved in the random rotations gets converted into random vibrations and the band heats up

Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Conversely, it takes energy to start the random rotations when a stretched band is released

Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Conversely, it takes energy to start the random rotations when a stretched band is released The energy for the random rotations comes from the vibrational energy of the band and the band cools off

Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Energy is conserved

How might this property be useful?

Refrigeration

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