Different Eras of Federalism

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Presentation transcript:

Different Eras of Federalism

Dual Federalism of the Rural Republic (1789-1865) Enumerated powers Sovereign and equal spheres Nullification Eventually settled by the Civil War

Dual Federalism Serving Commerce (1865-1901) Focus on commerce "to perfect the free economy“ Growing government at both levels States as senior partners in police powers and providing services

Cooperative Federalism (1901-1960) Shared functions focus on providing services broadly collaborative patterns Income Tax; Grants-in-aid Fed is “servant to the states” New Deal

Creative Federalism (1960-1968) Overloaded cooperation Intergovernmental fiscal transfers Crosscutting regulation and states as implementers of federal mandates Increased regulations (strings) Great Society (LBJ)

New Federalism and the Reaction (1970-) Revenue sharing Devolution Growth of unfunded mandates Deregulation Supply-side reductions Deficit dominates