JAINISM The Jains Rachelle Berry Steve Lopez Lorena Patino Gloria Garcia

Overview  One of the oldest religions dating to 500BCE  No founder, the truth is shown through tirthankara (teacher or fordmakers)  Sacred or religious texts  14 Purvas  4 million followers and around 100,000 in America Rachelle Berry

Beliefs and Principles of Jainism  Religious Tolerance  Anekantvad – multiple view points  Ethical Purity  Harmony between self and one's environment  Spiritual contentment ‘Moksha’ or Liberation Goal of Jainism is to strive for ‘Moksha’ or Liberation from unending cycles of birth, death and re-birth and to become a 'Jina’. Michelle Wichlac

Tirthankaras  Those who rediscover and preach Jainism  Not deities but rather are pure souls that have awakened divine qualities within themselves  There are 24 in each era  Last tirthankara Mahavira (Most Caorageous one) Rachelle Berry

Right faith and right knowledge are required for right conduct, and all are interdependent. Three jewels Three jewels to achieve Moksha : Perception  Right Perception Seeing the true nature of every substance of the universe Knowledge  Right Knowledge Knowledge that the soul and body are separate and that the soul, not the body attains the salvation Conduct  Right Conduct Our actions should be void of attachment and hatred Michelle Wichlac

RAJ Lok’ Rachelle Berry

5 Great Vows 1. Ahimsa Non-violence 2. Satya Truth 3. Asteya Non-stealing 4. Brahmacharya Celibacy/Chastity 5. Aparigraha Non-attachment/Non-possession Michelle Wichlac

Monks and Nuns Monastic's Shvetambaras: white robes Digambaras (sky-clad): no clothing Layman-non expert but influenced by those practicing Jain ascetism Michelle Wichlac

respectable Designated as “respectable” livelihoods by Jaina teachers GovernmentWritingFarming The Arts Commerce Various Crafts Michelle Wichlac

Similarities Between Jainism & Hinduism  Geographical Distribution  Most of their followers reside in India  Concept of karma  Life’s purpose is Moksha  Transcendental Migration  Kaliu Yuga  The Corruption Age  Human civilization degenerates spiritually Ahisma  Vegetarianism for Ahisma  Divinity is within all of us Rachelle Berry

 The world was created by an All Supreme God  Worship gods  Purpose of worshiping is to attain desired objects.  Only Gods may attain salvation.  The world is eternal  Worship those great ones who have realized their high ideal  Purpose of worshiping is to follow ideals  Salvation is the right of the human beings only Differences Between Jainism & Hinduism Steve Lopez

Jainism vs. Hinduism  Karma  invisible power.  Liberated soul  eternal happiness in heaven or joins Brahman.  Practices  niyoga  sati  Karma: sticks to the soul  The soul after liberation  the loka (universe)  Don’t agree with  Caste system  Animal sacrifices Steve Lopez

Jainism and Time  Jain time is cyclical moving through stages.  Progressive time cycle (Utsarpinis)  Regressive time cycle (Avsarpinis)  Utsarpini and Avsarpini divided into 6 unequal stages (aras).  Jains believe we are in 5 th Ara of Avsarpini phase. Lorena Patino

Jain time continued  Humanity develops from worst to its best:  ethics  progress  Happiness  strength  health  religion  Utsarpini half cycle  Avsarpini half cycle  Humanity deteriorates from best to worst:  ethics progress  Happiness  Strength  Religion  Health Lorena Patino

Cosmic cycle  Six ascending eras  happiest times dharma  Jinas teach the dharma in the 3rd or 4th eras  Six descending eras  miserable times  We are currently in the 5th descending era dharma  Jinas teach the dharma in the 3rd or 4th eras  equal mix of happiness and sadness Moksha  too happy, people will not have the desire for Moksha, tirthankara  era is in great despair, the tirthankara will not be recognized  Moksha  Moksha can only be achieved when there is a mixture of happiness and sadness Rachelle Berry

Jain Cosmos  The universe is infinite has no beginning or end  Exists as series of layers  The Supreme Abode  The Upper World  The Middle World  The Lower World  The base  Death may mean being reborn in another physical appearance, suffering punishment or joining liberated souls in highest level of heaven. Lorena Patino

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Civil Rights and Peace Movements  Ahimsa  Karma  Universal Brotherhood,Equality  Vanaprasth-Ashrama Gloria Garcia

Civil Rights Leaders Who Have Shown Jain influences  Gandhi  Gujarat  Martin Luther King Jr. Gloria Garcia

Civil Rights Movements  Civil Rights  Race  Gender  Class Gloria Garcia

not Which one’s are not part of the 5 Great Vows? A. Brahmacharya & Aparigra B. Moksha & Karma C. Satya & Ahimsa Michelle Wichlac

What is a Similarity between Hinduism and Jainism A. Karma is a matter that sticks to the soul B. They believe in transmigration of the Soul until Liberation C. Most of their members reside in the United States Rachelle Berry

Is Jainism: A. Monotheistic B. Polytheistic C. Atheistic Rachelle Berry

Which of the 5 Great Vows influenced MLK? A. Moksha B. Karma C. Ahimsa Rachelle Berry

How many Tirthankaras are there in this era? A. 100 B. 3 C. 24 Rachelle Berry

Works Cited "Gallery of Jain Art." Department of Mathematics & McMaster University. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Gandhi and Jainism." Somacon Weblog. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "JAINISM." ReligiousTolerance.org by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "JAINISM A Religion Of Non-Violence : "Ahimsa Parmo Dharam"." JainOutlook. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Jainism." Understanding World Religions. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Jainism." Jainism. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Jainism." The Divine Life Society. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Jainism." Religious Movements. University of Virginia, 1 Apr Web. 10 Oct "Jainism Simplified." Theory of Karma. University of Michigan, n.d. Web. 9 Oct "Jainism: Definition from Answers.com." Answers.com: Wiki Q&A combined with free online dictionary, thesaurus, and encyclopedias. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Kanchipuram On The Web." Temples. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Number 5 in Jainism." Meaning of Numbers. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct "Path Of Liberation." Jainism. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct SF Gate. "COMMEMORATING MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.." SF Gate. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct Shah, Pravin. " Five Great Vows (Maha-vratas)." Sacred Texts. Jain Study Center of North Carolina, n.d. Web. 9 Oct