Pham Spring 2014
Need to know news. War Death Election info Natural disaster Murder Crime
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Want to know Sports Weather Health Education Science Stocks Technology
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Celebrities that are in the news for elements of their personal lives DUI Drug usage Having a baby Marriage Selling their house
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Fake news Aliens Tabloids Baby with eight heads
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News covered for shock value Can lack credibility Too biased or extreme The world is ending! Obamacare is killing America! Taxes are going to take 100% of your income! Republicans are murders!
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Stories about local heroes or local topics that wouldn’t make national news Local war hero Fireman saving child from burning building Local politician donates money to charity
North Korea Tests Missle: Is a Strike on the U.S. Soon to Follow? Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
North Korea Tests Missle: Is a Strike on the U.S. Soon to Follow? Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
PR Students Honor Veterans: Bracelets and Cookies Handed Out Before School Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
PR Students Honor Veterans: Bracelets and Cookies Handed Out Before School Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Chicago boxer found shot to death: ‘He was a charismatic guy’ Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Chicago boxer found shot to death: ‘He was a charismatic guy’ Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Metra train strikes pedestrian in Tinley Park Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
E-cigarettes spark call for study: Regulation to follow Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
E-cigarettes spark call for study: Regulation to follow Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
No One Is Safe: Elf on the Shelf Revealed to Be Part of NSA Spying Program Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
No One Is Safe: Elf on the Shelf Revealed to Be Part of NSA Spying Program Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Santa Claus Is Real: DNA tests prove that George W. Bush is a direct descendent Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Santa Claus Is Real: DNA tests prove that George W. Bush is a direct descendent Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
New blood pressure drug approved: Fewer side effects, FDA claims Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
New blood pressure drug approved: Fewer side effects, FDA claims Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Jay Cutler Out: McCown will start in Sunday’s game Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Jay Cutler Out: McCown will start in Sunday’s game Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Miley Cyrus’ scandelous new video: Will rehab follow? Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Miley Cyrus’ scandelous new video: Will rehab follow? Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
Religion Speech Press Peaceable assemble Petition the government
1. Obscenity 2. Clear and present danger 3. Libel or slander 4. Interferes with defendant’s right to a fair trial 5. Violates FCC regulations over broadcast airwaves 6. False and deceptive advertising
Student uses profanity at a school football game.
NOT PROTECTED
Students are suspended for refusing to remove an armband protesting the war.
PROTECTED – Tinker vs. Des Moines case – the landmark case for student free speech students do not give up all freedom at the schoolhouse doors.
News reporter says the “F” word during a live broadcast on NBC
NOT PROTECTED
Actor on HBO says the “F” word during a live broadcast
PROTECTED – premium channel
A new prescription claims a cure for cancer in 100% of patients
NOT PROTECTED – false advertisement
A news reporter publishes a story bashing a local Congressman for spending taxpayer money unfairly
PROTECTED – politicians need a higher standard of proof to prove “actual malice” for libel.
In Style magazine publishes a story about how Tom Cruise abandoned his children after divorce with Katie Holmes, calling him a terrible father
NOT PROTECTED – he says no proof and sued for millions for defamation of character
A family leads a prayer at the Olive Garden before eating their meal
PROTECTED
Two men in a bar are arguing, and one says he’s going to “rip off [the other man’s] head and beat [him] to a pulp”.
NOT PROTECTED – clear and present danger
A man holds a sign outside of a school that reads, “Be like Rob Ford; smoke more crack.”
NOT PROTECTED – cannot promote “lawbreaking activity”
In her student council speech, a student calls Mrs. Smith “an unfair Nazi” who “hates all students.”
NOT PROTECTED - slander
In the school newspaper, a student wants to publish an article about how terrible a school’s teachers and administrators are. Does this student have the right of free speech to do this?
NOT PROTECTED – limited freedom of press for school publication; administrators paying for publication decide what is/isn’t acceptable for community audience; may not represent “community values”.
Romans post news sheets in town square
Venice sells news sheets for a gazetta coin
Restricted criticism of government. People could be jailed
The wealthy and elite Newspapers cost 6 cents, which was a lot of money
Benjamin Day publishes New York Sun for 1 cent Focuses on crime, murders, violence, executions, etc.
Sensational writing about poverty, slums, racism Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hurst Edward Scripps
Associated press Headline Sub-headline Lead Transition…Quote…Transition…Quote… Clincher
1. Remember the human (The Golden Rule). 2. Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life. 3. Know where you are in cyberspace (what’s acceptable in this space?). 4. Respect other people’s time and bandwidth. 5. Make yourself look good online.
6. Share expert knowledge. 7. Help keep flame wars (fights between highly opinionated people) under control. 8. Respect other people’s privacy. 9. Don’t abuse your power. 10. Be forgiving of other people’s mistakes.
Ask a follow-up question. Make a connection to a personal experience you’ve had. Cite a reference to an article or book you’ve read or a movie/TV show you’ve seen that relates to this topic. Include a link to another article about this topic. Play devil’s advocate by proposing an opposing viewpoint for debate.
paying sources for story ideas or info
paying sources for story ideas or info = CHECKBOOK JOURNALISM
finding a balance between voyeurism and necessary news
finding a balance between voyeurism and necessary news = PRIVACY VS. RIGHT TO KNOW
Not allowing personal opinions to influence writing
Not allowing personal opinions to influence writing = AVOIDING CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Not passing off falsehoods as truth
Not passing off falsehoods as truth = ABSENCE OF FAKERY
Using information for shock value
Using information for shock value = SENSATIONALISM
Truthful reporting
Truthful reporting = ACCURACY
Providing equal coverage of various viewpoints
Providing equal coverage of various viewpoints = FAIRNESS AND BALANCE
Company guidelines established for journalists
Company guidelines established for journalists = CODES OF ETHICS
accepting “perks” for presenting stories in a certain way
accepting “perks” for presenting stories in a certain way = FREEBIES
Reporting facts without bias or prejudice and refraining from purposefully withholding information
Reporting facts without bias or prejudice and refraining from purposefully withholding information = OBJECTIVITY
Works for company but represents readers (a mediator)
Works for company but represents readers (a mediator) = OMBUDSMEN
Step-by-step ethics checks How does this feel to your conscience? How would I feel if this story was about me? How will my actions affect others?
Step-by-step ethics checks How does this feel to your conscience? How would I feel if this story was about me? How will my actions affect others? = MORAL REASONING PROCESS
Hear, investigate, and judge complaints against news media
Hear, investigate, and judge complaints against news media = NEWS COUNCIL
report and analyze examples of ethical and unethical journalism
report and analyze examples of ethical and unethical journalism = JOURNALISM REVIEWS
Admitting to mistakes
Admitting to mistakes = CORRECTION OF ERRORS
Not naming sources – credibility issue
Not naming sources – credibility issue = ANONYMOUS ATTRIBUTION
Using credible informants
Using credible informants = INTEGRITY OF SOURCES