Hyojin Kim May 9 th 2008 California Water Symposium
Mercury Total Daily Maximum Load (TMDL) Sources of Mercury Historic mine activities (70%) Bed Erosion Central Valley Watershed Urban Stromwater (14%) Methylmercury Toxicity bioavailability Bioaccumulation (
Mercury Methylation Mainly biotic processes Environmental factors Microbiology Temperature pH Organic matters Redox conditions Sulfide Salinity
To identify water quality indicators associated with mercury methylation To assess the relationship between land use and methylmercury
Water and Sediment Monitoring data Regional Monitoring Program Land use EPA Correlation Coefficient Analysis EXCEL 2007 Data Analysis Toolbox
Water and Sediment Monitoring data ~ High concentrations of Heavy Metals
San Francisco Bay area Agricultural Land use (34%) Forest (35%) Residential type (9%)
Land Use vs Methylmercury Agricultural land use types Strong negative correlation Developed land use types Strong positive correlation Land Use vs Mercury Strip mines Positive correlation
Water Quality Indicators vs Methylmercury Developed Regions Coyote Watershed San Francisco Bay Watershed San Pablo Watershed No significant correlation
Water Quality Indicators vs Methylmercury Undeveloped Regions Lower Sacramento Watershed San Joaquin Delta Watershed Suisun Bay Watershed Significant correlation ( > ±0.5) Heavy metals Solid phase Temperature Total Nitrogen Total Organic Carbon
Water Quality Indicators vs Mercury Positive correlation to Ag Lower Sacramento (0.959) / San Francisco Bay (0.494) / Suisun Bay (0.469) / San Joaquin (0.409) Positive correlation to Solids Fine, Silt and Clay No significant correlation to Methylmercury Lower Sacramento (0.02) /San Pablo (0.05)/ San Francisco Bay (0.09) /Coyote (-0.07) /San Joaquin Delta (-0.27) / Suisun Bay (0.37)
Difference between Mercury and Methylmercury No significant correlation Mercury Mining legacy Sediment Loading
In Developed Regions e.g. Coyote and San Francisco Bay Watershed No significant correlation Industrial Wastewater Discharge In Agricultural Regions e.g. Lower Sacramento and San Joaquin Delta Watershed Heavy metals, Temperature, Total Nitrogen, Solid phase, and Total Organic Carbon On – site Methylation