Adverbs! Comparative and Superlative!

Review Adjectives have 3 degrees Positive: I am tall Comparative: I am taller than you Superlative: I am the tallest person ever Adverbs have degrees, too

Positive Adverbs These are most of the adverbs you already know Most 1st and 2nd declension adjectives add ~ē to the stem. pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum (beautiful) stem: pulchr adverb:pulchrē (beautifully) saevus, saeva, saevum (savage) stem: saev adverb:saevē (savagely)

More Positive Adverbs Most 3rd declension adjectives add ~(it)er to the stem. If the base ends in “nt” only the er is added. ferox, ferox, ferox (gen. ferocis) (fierce) stem:ferōc adverb:ferōciter (fiercely) prūdēns, prudens, prudens (gen. prudentis) (discreet) stem:prūdent adverb: prūdenter (discreetly)

Comparative Adverbs The comparative adverb is the same as the neuter form of the comparative adjective So let’s review comparative adjectives... Find the stem: tardus, tarda, tardum stem:tard suavis, suavis, suave stem: suav add –ior for masc & fem, add –ius for neuter

Comparative Adverbs So the comparative adverbs are: tardius suavius How do they translate? “more ______ly” or “_____er” or “too _____” tardius = later suavius = more sweetly

Superlative Adverbs To form them add -issimē to the stem tardus, stem = tard superlative = tardissimē suavis, stem = suav superlative = suavissimē Exceptions: adverbs that end in “r” or “l” double the consonant and add –imē celer, stem = celer superlative = celerrimē

Superlative Adverbs! Translate as “very ______ly” or “most _____ly” tardissimē = very late suavissimē = very sweetly celerrimē = very swiftly

Irregular Ones! List on pg 52