Advancing Sentence Structure Develops Smooth Flow  

Clause a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. 2 Main Types Independent (Main) Dependent (Subordinate)

Independent clause contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought Ex: I went to the store

Dependent clause contains a subject and a verb, but is an incomplete thought that starts with a subordinating conjunction Ex: Although I was busy

Subordinating Conjunctions below by the time even if even though every time if in case in the event that just in case now that once only if since the first time though above after although as as soon as because before unless until when  whenever whereas whether or not while

Compound Sentence combines two (2) complete thoughts, also called independent clauses, using internal punctuation and conjunctions Ex: Independent clause, coordinating conjunction independent clause. Ex: Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, independent clause.

Seven (7) Coordinating Conjunctions (FAN BOYS): For But And Or Nor Yet So

Conjunctive Adverbs accordingly furthermore moreover similarly also hence namely still anyway however nevertheless then besides incidentally next thereafter certainly indeed nonetheless therefore consequently instead now thus finally likewise otherwise undoubtedly further meanwhile

Compound Version A Independent clause, coordinating conjunction independent clause. *A comma is used when a coordinating conjunction joins two main clauses. * The coordinating conjunction is not considered part of either clause. Ex: I went to the store, and I bought eggs.

Compound Version B Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, independent clause. *A semicolon and a comma are used when a conjunctive adverb joins two main clauses. Ex: I went to the store; however, I forgot my money.

Complex Sentence combines an independent and a dependent clause Typically, these clauses can be inverted, and the sentence will still be logical. Ex: Dependent clause, independent clause. Ex: Independent clause dependent clause.

Complex Version A Dependent clause, independent clause. *A comma is used when a dependent clause appears before an independent clause. *The subordinating conjunction is the first word of (included in) the dependent clause. - It makes the clause dependent/unable to stand alone. Ex: Although I was busy, I went to the store.

Complex Version B Independent clause dependent clause. *There is no comma used when a dependent clause appears after an independent clause. Ex: I went to the store although I was busy.

Compound-Complex Sentence made up of at least one dependent clause, and two or more independent clauses Ex: Use a dependent clause, an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, and a second independent clause. Ex: Use an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, a second independent clause, and a dependent clause.

Compound-Complex Version A Use a dependent clause, an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, and a second independent clause. Ex: Although I was busy, I went to the store, and I bought eggs. Ex: Although I was busy, I went to the store; furthermore, I bought eggs.

Compound-Complex Version B Use an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, a second independent clause, and a dependent clause Ex: I went to the store, and I bought eggs after school today. Ex: I went to the store; moreover, I bought eggs after school today.