Sentence Structure: Sentence Types

A Sentence... MUST have a subject and a verb (predicate) MUST have a complete thought Also... Begins with a capital letter Ends with punctuation

Sentence Types Simple Compound Complex Compound-Complex

Basic Elements of Every Sentence SUBJECTPREDICATE

Basic Elements Mary plays tennis. SUBJECT PREDICATE

Simple Sentence

Types of Sentence Structure Simple sentence = ONE independent clause May have a compound subject or compound verb, but still only one main clause and no dependent clauses; may have phrases included, but still only one independent, main clause Examples: Brian ran down the field. (1 subject and 1 verb) Hope and Kelsie talked and laughed all night. (compound subject and compound verb)

SIMPLE SENTENCE Mary plays tennis. SUBJECT PREDICATE one subject one predicate

Simple Sentence play tennis.Tom and Mary Compound Subject &

Simple Sentence play tennis and swim. Tom and Mary Compound Subject Compound Predicate & &

SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject Tom and Mary play tennis.

SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject and compound predicate Tom and Mary play tennis and swim.

Compound Sentence

Types of Sentence Structure Compound Sentence - = A compound sentence has 2 or more parts that can stand alone (independent clauses) Can be joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS), CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS or by a semicolon Examples: Hannah likes to read, but she likes to watch movies, too. Hunter wants to play baseball, or he might go out for golf, but he will always play football. Ryan plays the trumpet well; he practices every day of the week.

Compound Sentence Use of Coordinating Conjunctions SUBJECTPREDICATE SUBJECTPREDICATE

Compound Sentence Tomswims, Maryplays tennis. and

COMPOUND SENTENCE: COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS FOR AND NOR BUT OR YET SO

Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis. Clause 1 Clause 2 Independent Independent COMPOUND SENTENCE: COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis. Comma before “and” in compound sentences! COMPOUND SENTENCE: COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

COMPOUND SENTENCE: CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS MOREOVER HOWEVER OTHERWISE THEREFORE

Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich. Clause 1 Clause 2 Independent COMPOUND SENTENCE: CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Note: Semicolon before conjunctive adverb and comma after conjunctive adverb ! Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich. COMPOUND SENTENCE: CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Conjunctive Adverbs “float” Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes called “floating” adverbs because they can be positioned at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a clause.

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB: AT THE BEGINNING, IN THE MIDDLE,AT THE END Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich. Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, rich. Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.

COMPOUND SENTENCE: SEMICOLON Tom has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim and energetic.

Complex Sentence

Complex Sentence = 1 independent clause and 1 or more dependent clauses A complex sentence has at least two parts: one that can stand alone and another one that cannot The part that cannot stand alone is linked to the rest of the sentence by a subordinating conjunction

Complex Sentence Examples: When it started to snow, the children all cheered. I will grade all of the tests after I finish my lunch. Before he started playing in the band, Josh wondered what he would do with all of his spare time.

Complex Sentence SUBJECTPREDICATE SUBJECTPREDICATE even though

Complex Sentence Bobis popular heis ugly. even though

COMPLEX SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS The most common subordinating conjunctions are "after," "although," "as," "because," "before," "how," "if," "once," "since," "than," "that," though," "till," "until," "when," "where," "whether,” and while."

Bob is popular even though he is ugly. Clause 1 Clause 2 Independent Dependent COMPLEX SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular. Clause 1 Clause 2 Dependent Independent COMPLEX SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Compound-Complex Sentence

Compound-Complex Sentences = at least 2 independent clauses (compound) and at least 1 dependent clause (complex) Examples: When I realized I was wrong, I apologized, but I still felt bad about it. Katie wanted a new puppy, and she asked her mom after she had cleaned her room thoroughly.

This type of sentence has more than one part that can stand alone, and at least one that cannot. Conjunctions link the different parts of this sentence. Compound-Complex Sentence

Mikeis popular heis good looking, because heis not very happy. but

The Four Sentence Structures SENTENCE STRUCTURE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES DEPENDENT CLAUSES Simple10 Compound2 or more0 Complex11 or more Compound-Complex2 or more1 or more

The End