Language Network Pg. 92

 Independent Clause – Contains a subject, a verb, conveys a complete thought, and is also know as a complete sentence  Subordinate Clause - Contains a subject and a verb but does not express a complete thought.

 Adjective Clause – is a subordinate clause used as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun  Adverb Clause – is a subordinate clause used as an adverb to modify an adjective, adverb, or a verb  Noun Clause – is a subordinate clause used as a noun.

 Coordination is used to join two independent clauses together.  The sentences are joined with a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So) + a comma.

 Two independent clauses: The Daily Show is popular. It is more entertaining than reality.  Joined through coordination: The Daily Show is popular, and it is more entertaining than reality.

 A subordinate clause (dependant clause) contains a subject and a verb, but does not express a complete thought.  Like coordination, subordination is a way to join short sentences with related ideas into a longer, more sophisticated sentence.

 Subordinate clause: because he was accepted into the Officer Training Program  *If we left that sentence alone, it would be called a fragment. Why?  We will join this subordinate clause to an independent clause to make it a complete thought. We join subordinate clauses with subordinating conjunctions!

 Example: Patti is proud of her son because he was accepted into the Officer Training Program  Subordinating conjunctions: After, Although, As, Because, Before, Until, When, Where, While, Since, and there are others.

 When a subordinate clause ends the sentence, it usually does not need to be preceded by a comma (,).  You can also put a subordinating conjunction and a subordinating clause at the beginning of a new sentence. When the dependant clause comes first, use a comma to separate it from the rest of the sentence.

 When I eat out, I usually have steak.  Identify the subordinating conjunction, subordinating clause, and the independent clause.

 When (Subordinating conjunction)  I eat out (Subordinating clause)  I usually eat steak. (Independent clause) Who are my winners?

 Using subordination creates variety in your sentence structure, and gives your writing style.

 You can use a prepositional phrase, infinitive phrase, participle phrase, and a gerund phrase to start any sentence!  Prepositional phrase: Through the woods  Infinitive phrase (to + a verb) To win is my passion  Participle phrase: The screaming goat was caught in the fence.  Gerund phrase: Swimming is my worst fear  Appositive Phrase: Sharon, my friend.

 Adjectives tell: which one, how many, how much, or what kind  A subordinate clause that is used to modify a noun or pronoun.  Words that introduce adjective clauses: who, whom, whose, that, which, when, where, why.  Essential and nonessential adjective clauses:  “That” is used to introduce an essential clause (No comma)  “Which” is used to introduce a nonessential clause. (Comma)

 Adverbs tell: where, why, how, when, or to what degree something was done  A subordinate clause used to modify a verb, adjective or adverb  Subordinative conjunctions are used to introduce an adverb clause. Look on pg. 96 at the table for examples.

On pg. 97, 1-10 A. Write the adjective or adverb clause and the word those modify. Example: 1. Who have family trees / ones