Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. Body Structure, Color, and Oncology Homwork for Weekend: Exercises 1 – 14 AND CREATE AN ACCOUNT IN BLACKBOARD

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  Identify anatomic structures of the human body Define and spell the word parts

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. Build and analyze medical terms using word parts Define, pronounce, and spell medical terms related to body structure, color, and oncology Interpret the meanings of the abbreviations Read medical documents and interpret medical terminology contained in them

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  cell: basic unit of all life  tissue: similar cells that perform a specific task  organ: two or more kinds of tissue that together perform special body functions  system: a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  The human body is composed of trillions of cells of various sizes and shapes cell membrane cell membrane : boundary of a cell cytoplasm cytoplasm : makes up the body of a cell nucleus nucleus : structure in center containing chromosomes

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

 muscle tissue  muscle tissue : produces movement  nervous tissue  nervous tissue : conducts impulses to and from the brain connective tissue connective tissue : connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures epithelial tissue epithelial tissue : found in the skin and lining of the blood vessels

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. Neur/o Epitheli/o Fibr/o My/o

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  chromosomes  chromosomes : 46 in human cells except for mature sex cell, which has 23  genes  genes : regions within the chromosome (determine hereditary characteristics)  DNA  DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): each gene is composed of DNA, a chemical that regulates the activities of the cell

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

 cranial  cranial : brain  spinal  spinal : spinal cord  thoracic  thoracic : heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi  abdominal  abdominal : stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, ureters  pelvic:  pelvic: urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, part of large intestine, rectum

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. cranial spinal thoracic abdominal diaphragm pelvic

 chlor/o  chrom/o  cyan/o  erythr/o  leuk/o  melan/o  xanth/o

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  -gen: substance that produces or causes Example: carcino/gen: substance that causes cancer - genic: producing, originating, causing Example: cyt/o/genic producing cells -genesis: origin, cause Example: onc/o/genesis: cause of tumors

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  carcinoma  fibroma  liposarcoma  melanocarcinoma  myoma  melanoma  rhabdomyosarcoma  sarcoma

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. “neoplasm” is built from what looks like a prefix and a suffix: the word root is embedded in the suffix. S(WR) is used in the “Building Medical Terms” exercises to indicate this.

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  The following is a simple guide to use for practicing pronunciation of the medical terms. The pronunciations are only approximate; however, they are adequate to meet the needs of the beginning student  In respelling for pronunciation, words are minimally distorted to indicate phonetic sound Example: doctor (dok-tor), gastric (gas-trik)

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  Diacritical marks are used over vowels to indicate pronunciation. The macron ( ― ) is used to indicate the long vowel sounds. Example: donate (d ō -n ā te) hepatoma (hep-a-t ō -ma) ā as in ate, say ē as in eat, beet, see ī as in i, mine, sky ō as in oats, so ū as in unit, mute

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  Vowels with no markings have the short sound. Example: discuss (dis-kus) medical (med-i-kal) a as in at, lad e as in edge, bet i as in itch, wish o as in ox, top u as in sun, come

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  An accent mark is the stress on a certain syllable. The primary accent is indicated by capital letters, and the secondary accent (which is stressed, but not as strongly as the primary accent) is indicated by italics. Example: altogether (all-t ū -GETH-er) pancreatitis (pan-kr ē -a-T Ī -tis)

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  benign  malignant  remission  in vitro  in vivo  encapsulated  cancer in situ

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  cancerous  carcinogen  carcinogenic  cyanosis  cytogenic  cytoplasm  erythrocyte

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.  erythrocytosis  etiology  histology  hyperplasia  hypoplasia  karyocyte  leukocyte  leukocytosis

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. 1, (red) / cv / (cell[s]) 2, (white) / cv / (cell[s])

Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. Project: You will look up one type of specific cancer and do an informational Powerpoint Slide You will sign up for the cancer by using the message board on Blackboard and you will turn in the slide using the digital drop box feature of Blackbaord What you must have in the presentation is the cancer type (duh), prevalence of the cancer, what it’s symptoms are, the treatment of the cancer, outlook for the patient with the cancer. Also correct pronciation and breaking down of the word (name)